%0 Journal Article
%B Berliner und Münchener Tierärztliche Wochenschrift
%C Hannover
%D 2008
%G English
%I M. & H. Schaper GmbH
%P 292-297
%R 10.2376/0341-6593-115-292
%T Clostridium perfringens toxin types from freshwater fishes in one water reservoir of Shandong Province of China, determined by PCR
%V 115
%1 {"oldId":69742,"title":"Clostridium perfringens toxin types from freshwater fishes in one water reservoir of Shandong Province of China, determined by PCR","teaserText":"freshwater fish, Clostridium perfringens, toxin types, homology, S\u00fc\u00dfwasserfische, Clostridium perfringens, Toxovare, Homologie","content":"<p><span class=\"bold\">Summary<\/span><br \/>Four hundred and twenty intestinal content samples (not including intestinaltissues) of freshwater fishes (60 silver carps, 100 carps, 100 crucian carps, 60catfishes and 100 zaieuws) caught from one water reservoir were examinedbacteriologically for the occurrence of C. perfringens. Isolates were examined bypolymerase chain reaction (PCR) for genes encoding the four lethal toxins ( amp;#945;,  amp;#946;,  amp;#949;and  amp;#953;) for classification into toxin types and for genes encoding enterotoxin andthe novel  amp;#946;2 toxin for further subclassification. C. perfringens could be isolated in75 intestinal contents samples (17.9 %) from freshwater fish including: 13 silvercarps, 2 carps, 12 crucian carps, 40 zaieuws, and 8 catfishes. In 75 isolates, 58strains (77.3 %) were C. perfringens toxin type C ( amp;#945; and  amp;#946; toxin positive), 13 strains(17.3 %) were toxin type A ( amp;#945; toxin positive) and 4 strains (5.3 %) were toxin type B( amp;#945;,  amp;#946; and  amp;#949; toxin positive). In addition, the gene encoding for  amp;#946;2 toxin was foundin 47 strains (62.7 %) of all the isolates, seven from type A, two from type B, and38 from type C. The gene encoding for enterotoxin was not found in any isolate.These amplified toxin gene fragment were cloned and sequenced and comparedwith reference strains, the identity varied from 98.15 % to 99.29 %.This is the first report of C. perfringens  amp;#945;,  amp;#946;,  amp;#949;,  amp;#946;2 toxins in freshwater fish and of amp;#946;,  amp;#949; toxins in fish in general, and is the first discovery that the  amp;#946;2 toxin could bedetected in strains of type B. The origin of this bacterium and its importance tohuman food poisoning in freshwater fish is discussed.<br \/><br \/><br \/><span class=\"bold\">Zusammenfassung<\/span><br \/>In einer Pilotstudie wurde das Vorkommen von Clostridium (C. ) perfringens beiS\u00fc\u00dfwasserfischen in einem Stausee aus der chinesischen Provinz Shandonguntersucht. Insgesamt wurden 420 Proben mit Darminhalt von S\u00fc\u00dfwasserfischenaus 60 Hypophthalmichthys molitrix,100 Cyprinus carpio, 100 Carassius auratus,100 Monopterus albus und 60 Silurus asotus in die Untersuchungen einbezogen.Hierbei konnte C. perfringens von 75 Proben (17.9 %) isoliert werden. Mittels einermultiplex PCR zum Nachweis der f\u00fcr die Major-Toxine codierende Gene wurden77,3 % (58 St\u00e4mme) der Isolate als Toxovar C ( amp;#945; and  amp;#946; Toxin positiv), 17,3 % (13St\u00e4mme) als Toxovar A ( amp;#945; Toxin positiv) and 5.3 % (4 St\u00e4mme) als Toxovar B ( amp;#945;,  amp;#946;and  amp;#949; Toxin positiv) identifiziert. Mit einer PCR zum Nachweis der f\u00fcr das  amp;#946;2 Toxincodierende Gen wurden 47 St\u00e4mme (62,7 %), n\u00e4mlich 7 St\u00e4mme aus Toxovar A, 2St\u00e4mme aus Toxovar B und 38 St\u00e4mme aus Toxovar C gefunden. Das Gen Enterotoxincodiert, konnte in den Isolaten nicht gefunden werden. Diese amplifiziertenToxin-Gen-Fragmente wurden kloniert und sequenziert sowie mit Standardst\u00e4mmenverglichen. Die Identit\u00e4t schwankte zwischen 98,2 und 99,3 %.Dies ist der erste Bericht von C. perfringens  amp;#945;,  amp;#946;,  amp;#949;,  amp;#946;2 Toxin-Genen in S\u00fc\u00dfwasserfischenund von  amp;#946;,  amp;#949; Toxin-Genen in Fischen im Allgemeinen und die ersteEntdeckung, dass  amp;#946;2 Toxin in den St\u00e4mmen des Types B festgestellt werdenkonnte. Der Ursprung dieses Bakterium und seine Bedeutung f\u00fcr die menschlicheLebensmittelsicherheit in S\u00fc\u00dfwasserfischen wird diskutiert.<\/p>","categories":["Tier\u00e4rztliche Wochenschrift","Abostufe BMTW","Fachartikel"],"fromDate":"Aug 1, 2008 12:00:00 AM","toDate":"Dec 31, 2050 12:00:00 AM","oldUrls":["http:\/\/vetline.de\/freshwater-fish-clostridium-perfringens-toxin-types-homology\/150\/3130\/69742"],"doiLanguage":"englisch","doiProductFormat":"Online","doiPublisher":"M. & H. Schaper GmbH","doiSerialWorkTitle":"Dtsch.tier\u00e4rztl.Wschr.","doiDocumentUri":"http:\/\/www.vetline.de\/freshwater-fish-clostridium-perfringens-toxin-types-homology\/150\/3130\/69742","doiSource":"Dtsch.tier\u00e4rztl.Wschr. 115: 8, 292-297 (2008)","doiissn":"0341-6593","doiNr":"10.2376\/0341-6593-115-292","doiFirstPage":"292","doiLastPage":"297","doiTransmitted":true,"doiAuthor":"CAI Y, GAO J, WANG X, CHAI T, ZHANG X, DUAN H, JIANG S, ZUCKER B-A, SCHLENKER G","pdf":{"path":"http:\/\/data\/dtw_2008_08_0292.pdf","title":"dtw_2008_08_0292.pdf","description":"Clostridium perfringens toxin types from freshwater fishes in one water reservoir of Shandong Province of China, determined by PCR<br><br>"},"authors":[{"firstName":"C","middleName":"AIY","lastName":""},{"firstName":"G","middleName":"AOJ","lastName":""},{"firstName":"W","middleName":"ANGX","lastName":""},{"firstName":"C","middleName":"HAIT","lastName":""},{"firstName":"Z","middleName":"HANGX","lastName":""},{"firstName":"D","middleName":"UANH","lastName":""},{"firstName":"J","middleName":"IANGS","lastName":""},{"firstName":"Z","middleName":"UCKERBA","lastName":""},{"firstName":"S","middleName":"CHLENKERG","lastName":""}],"contentOptimised":"<p><strong>Summary<\/strong><br>Four hundred and twenty intestinal content samples (not including intestinaltissues) of freshwater fishes (60 silver carps, 100 carps, 100 crucian carps, 60catfishes and 100 zaieuws) caught from one water reservoir were examinedbacteriologically for the occurrence of C. perfringens. Isolates were examined bypolymerase chain reaction (PCR) for genes encoding the four lethal toxins ( amp;#945;,  amp;#946;,  amp;#949;and  amp;#953;) for classification into toxin types and for genes encoding enterotoxin andthe novel  amp;#946;2 toxin for further subclassification. C. perfringens could be isolated in75 intestinal contents samples (17.9 %) from freshwater fish including: 13 silvercarps, 2 carps, 12 crucian carps, 40 zaieuws, and 8 catfishes. In 75 isolates, 58strains (77.3 %) were C. perfringens toxin type C ( amp;#945; and  amp;#946; toxin positive), 13 strains(17.3 %) were toxin type A ( amp;#945; toxin positive) and 4 strains (5.3 %) were toxin type B( amp;#945;,  amp;#946; and  amp;#949; toxin positive). In addition, the gene encoding for  amp;#946;2 toxin was foundin 47 strains (62.7 %) of all the isolates, seven from type A, two from type B, and38 from type C. The gene encoding for enterotoxin was not found in any isolate.These amplified toxin gene fragment were cloned and sequenced and comparedwith reference strains, the identity varied from 98.15 % to 99.29 %.This is the first report of C. perfringens  amp;#945;,  amp;#946;,  amp;#949;,  amp;#946;2 toxins in freshwater fish and of amp;#946;,  amp;#949; toxins in fish in general, and is the first discovery that the  amp;#946;2 toxin could bedetected in strains of type B. The origin of this bacterium and its importance tohuman food poisoning in freshwater fish is discussed.<br><br><br><strong>Zusammenfassung<\/strong><br>In einer Pilotstudie wurde das Vorkommen von Clostridium (C. ) perfringens beiS\u00fc\u00dfwasserfischen in einem Stausee aus der chinesischen Provinz Shandonguntersucht. Insgesamt wurden 420 Proben mit Darminhalt von S\u00fc\u00dfwasserfischenaus 60 Hypophthalmichthys molitrix,100 Cyprinus carpio, 100 Carassius auratus,100 Monopterus albus und 60 Silurus asotus in die Untersuchungen einbezogen.Hierbei konnte C. perfringens von 75 Proben (17.9 %) isoliert werden. Mittels einermultiplex PCR zum Nachweis der f\u00fcr die Major-Toxine codierende Gene wurden77,3 % (58 St\u00e4mme) der Isolate als Toxovar C ( amp;#945; and  amp;#946; Toxin positiv), 17,3 % (13St\u00e4mme) als Toxovar A ( amp;#945; Toxin positiv) and 5.3 % (4 St\u00e4mme) als Toxovar B ( amp;#945;,  amp;#946;and  amp;#949; Toxin positiv) identifiziert. Mit einer PCR zum Nachweis der f\u00fcr das  amp;#946;2 Toxincodierende Gen wurden 47 St\u00e4mme (62,7 %), n\u00e4mlich 7 St\u00e4mme aus Toxovar A, 2St\u00e4mme aus Toxovar B und 38 St\u00e4mme aus Toxovar C gefunden. Das Gen Enterotoxincodiert, konnte in den Isolaten nicht gefunden werden. Diese amplifiziertenToxin-Gen-Fragmente wurden kloniert und sequenziert sowie mit Standardst\u00e4mmenverglichen. Die Identit\u00e4t schwankte zwischen 98,2 und 99,3 %.Dies ist der erste Bericht von C. perfringens  amp;#945;,  amp;#946;,  amp;#949;,  amp;#946;2 Toxin-Genen in S\u00fc\u00dfwasserfischenund von  amp;#946;,  amp;#949; Toxin-Genen in Fischen im Allgemeinen und die ersteEntdeckung, dass  amp;#946;2 Toxin in den St\u00e4mmen des Types B festgestellt werdenkonnte. Der Ursprung dieses Bakterium und seine Bedeutung f\u00fcr die menschlicheLebensmittelsicherheit in S\u00fc\u00dfwasserfischen wird diskutiert.<\/p>","primaryLanguage":"englisch","summary":"Four hundred and twenty intestinal content samples (not including intestinaltissues) of freshwater fishes (60 silver carps, 100 carps, 100 crucian carps, 60catfishes and 100 zaieuws) caught from one water reservoir were examinedbacteriologically for the occurrence of C. perfringens. Isolates were examined bypolymerase chain reaction (PCR) for genes encoding the four lethal toxins ( amp;#945;,  amp;#946;,  amp;#949;and  amp;#953;) for classification into toxin types and for genes encoding enterotoxin andthe novel  amp;#946;2 toxin for further subclassification. C. perfringens could be isolated in75 intestinal contents samples (17.9 %) from freshwater fish including: 13 silvercarps, 2 carps, 12 crucian carps, 40 zaieuws, and 8 catfishes. In 75 isolates, 58strains (77.3 %) were C. perfringens toxin type C ( amp;#945; and  amp;#946; toxin positive), 13 strains(17.3 %) were toxin type A ( amp;#945; toxin positive) and 4 strains (5.3 %) were toxin type B( amp;#945;,  amp;#946; and  amp;#949; toxin positive). In addition, the gene encoding for  amp;#946;2 toxin was foundin 47 strains (62.7 %) of all the isolates, seven from type A, two from type B, and38 from type C. The gene encoding for enterotoxin was not found in any isolate.These amplified toxin gene fragment were cloned and sequenced and comparedwith reference strains, the identity varied from 98.15 % to 99.29 %.This is the first report of C. perfringens  amp;#945;,  amp;#946;,  amp;#949;,  amp;#946;2 toxins in freshwater fish and of amp;#946;,  amp;#949; toxins in fish in general, and is the first discovery that the  amp;#946;2 toxin could bedetected in strains of type B. The origin of this bacterium and its importance tohuman food poisoning in freshwater fish is discussed.","zusammenfassung":"In einer Pilotstudie wurde das Vorkommen von Clostridium (C. ) perfringens beiS\u00fc\u00dfwasserfischen in einem Stausee aus der chinesischen Provinz Shandonguntersucht. Insgesamt wurden 420 Proben mit Darminhalt von S\u00fc\u00dfwasserfischenaus 60 Hypophthalmichthys molitrix,100 Cyprinus carpio, 100 Carassius auratus,100 Monopterus albus und 60 Silurus asotus in die Untersuchungen einbezogen.Hierbei konnte C. perfringens von 75 Proben (17.9 %) isoliert werden. Mittels einermultiplex PCR zum Nachweis der f\u00fcr die Major-Toxine codierende Gene wurden77,3 % (58 St\u00e4mme) der Isolate als Toxovar C ( amp;#945; and  amp;#946; Toxin positiv), 17,3 % (13St\u00e4mme) als Toxovar A ( amp;#945; Toxin positiv) and 5.3 % (4 St\u00e4mme) als Toxovar B ( amp;#945;,  amp;#946;and  amp;#949; Toxin positiv) identifiziert. Mit einer PCR zum Nachweis der f\u00fcr das  amp;#946;2 Toxincodierende Gen wurden 47 St\u00e4mme (62,7 %), n\u00e4mlich 7 St\u00e4mme aus Toxovar A, 2St\u00e4mme aus Toxovar B und 38 St\u00e4mme aus Toxovar C gefunden. Das Gen Enterotoxincodiert, konnte in den Isolaten nicht gefunden werden. Diese amplifiziertenToxin-Gen-Fragmente wurden kloniert und sequenziert sowie mit Standardst\u00e4mmenverglichen. Die Identit\u00e4t schwankte zwischen 98,2 und 99,3 %.Dies ist der erste Bericht von C. perfringens  amp;#945;,  amp;#946;,  amp;#949;,  amp;#946;2 Toxin-Genen in S\u00fc\u00dfwasserfischenund von  amp;#946;,  amp;#949; Toxin-Genen in Fischen im Allgemeinen und die ersteEntdeckung, dass  amp;#946;2 Toxin in den St\u00e4mmen des Types B festgestellt werdenkonnte. Der Ursprung dieses Bakterium und seine Bedeutung f\u00fcr die menschlicheLebensmittelsicherheit in S\u00fc\u00dfwasserfischen wird diskutiert.<\/p>","translatedTitle":"freshwater fish, Clostridium perfringens, toxin types, homology, S\u00fc\u00dfwasserfische, Clostridium perfringens, Toxovare, Homologie","abstractE":"Four hundred and twenty intestinal content samples (not including intestinaltissues) of freshwater fishes (60 silver carps, 100 carps, 100 crucian carps, 60catfishes and 100 zaieuws) caught from one water reservoir were examinedbacteriologically for the occurrence of C. perfringens. Isolates were examined bypolymerase chain reaction (PCR) for genes encoding the four lethal toxins ( amp;#945;,  amp;#946;,  amp;#949;and  amp;#953;) for classification into toxin types and for genes encoding enterotoxin andthe novel  amp;#946;2 toxin for further subclassification. C. perfringens could be isolated in75 intestinal contents samples (17.9 %) from freshwater fish including: 13 silvercarps, 2 carps, 12 crucian carps, 40 zaieuws, and 8 catfishes. In 75 isolates, 58strains (77.3 %) were C. perfringens toxin type C ( amp;#945; and  amp;#946; toxin positive), 13 strains(17.3 %) were toxin type A ( amp;#945; toxin positive) and 4 strains (5.3 %) were toxin type B( amp;#945;,  amp;#946; and  amp;#949; toxin positive). In addition, the gene encoding for  amp;#946;2 toxin was foundin 47 strains (62.7 %) of all the isolates, seven from type A, two from type B, and38 from type C. The gene encoding for enterotoxin was not found in any isolate.These amplified toxin gene fragment were cloned and sequenced and comparedwith reference strains, the identity varied from 98.15 % to 99.29 %.This is the first report of C. perfringens  amp;#945;,  amp;#946;,  amp;#949;,  amp;#946;2 toxins in freshwater fish and of amp;#946;,  amp;#949; toxins in fish in general, and is the first discovery that the  amp;#946;2 toxin could bedetected in strains of type B. The origin of this bacterium and its importance tohuman food poisoning in freshwater fish is discussed.","date":{"year":2008,"date":"08\/2008","accepted":"2008-08-01"},"volume":"115","openAccess":false,"journal":"Berliner und M\u00fcnchener Tier\u00e4rztliche Wochenschrift","titleImageId":944,"pages":"292-297","redirects":["freshwater-fish-clostridium-perfringens-toxin-types-homology\/150\/3130\/69742"],"tierartCategories":[],"artikelartCategories":["Tier\u00e4rztliche Wochenschrift","Abostufe BMTW","Fachartikel"]}
%8 08/2008