%0 Journal Article %K Ixodes ricinus %B Berliner und Münchener Tierärztliche Wochenschrift %C Hannover %D 2010 %G English %I Schlütersche Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG %P 441-445 %R 10.2376/0005-9366-123-441 %T Can goats be used as sentinels for Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) in nonendemic areas? Experimental studies and epizootiological observations %V 123 %1 {"oldId":69089,"title":"Can goats be used as sentinels for Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) in nonendemic areas? Experimental studies and epizootiological observations","topline":"","teaserText":"","content":"

Summary<\/span>
A goat flock grazing year-round on a meadow in a #147;TBE non-risk area #148; in Thuringia, Germany, with a history of only isolated human TBE cases was examined repeatedly for TBE virus-(TBEV)-specific antibodies and TBEV RNA between October 2008 and December 2009. Surprisingly, TBEV specific antibodies were detected in one goat, which had never left this area. To compare the results of a natural contact to TBEV with a defined contact to TBEV, two goats were immunized experimentally. Both animals developed TBEV-specific antibodies, one goat however in a delayed and reduced manner. In addition, 177 ticks were collected from the meadow in May and June 2009, and were examined by real-time RT-PCR. However, no TBEV RNA could be detected. The results suggest that goats can be used as TBEV sentinels in defined areas. To verify this observation further investigations with a large number of animals are recommended.

Keywords:<\/span>
Ixodes ricinus<\/span>, Tick-borne encephalitis virus, TBEV, serum neutralization test, RT-PCR, ELISA


Zusammenfassung<\/span>
Es wird \u00fcber Untersuchungen auf FSME-Virus-spezifische Antik\u00f6rper sowie FSME Virus RNA in einer Ziegenherde berichtet, die sich \u00fcber das gesamte Jahr auf einer Weide in einem FSME-Nicht-Risiko-Gebiet in Th\u00fcringen befand, in dem in der Vergangenheit \u00e4u\u00dferst selten einzelne humane FSME-F\u00e4lle auftraten. Die Untersuchungen wurden wiederholt zwischen Oktober 2008 und Dezember 2009 durchgef\u00fchrt. Erstaunlicherweise wies dabei eine Ziege, welche diese Weide niemals verlassen hatte, spezifische FSME-Virus-Antik\u00f6rpertiter auf. Um diese Ergebnisse eines Kontakts zu FSME-Viren via Zeckenstich mit einem definierten Kontakt zu FSME-Virus-Antigen vergleichen zu k\u00f6nnen, wurden zwei Ziegen experimentell immunisiert. Beide Tiere entwickelten FSME-Virus-Antik\u00f6rpertiter, allerdings ein Tier zeitverz\u00f6gert und erst nach mehrfachem Antigenkontakt. Au\u00dferdem wurden auf der Weide im Mai und Juni 2009 177 Zecken gesammelt. In keiner der Zecken wurde jedoch FSME-Virus RNA gefunden. Nach diesem Ergebnis k\u00f6nnten Ziegen als Sentinels f\u00fcr die Bewertung des FSME-Risikos in einer Region geeignet sein, was in weiteren Untersuchungen an einer gro\u00dfen Tierzahl verifiziert werden sollte.

Schl\u00fcsselw\u00f6rter:<\/span>
Ixodes ricinus<\/span>, Fr\u00fchsommer-Meningoenzephalitis, FSME, Serum- Neutralisationstest, RT-PCR, ELISA <\/p>","categories":["Open Access","Tier\u00e4rztliche Wochenschrift","Abostufe BMTW","Fachartikel","Abostufe frei"],"fromDate":"Oct 21, 2010 12:00:00 AM","toDate":"Dec 31, 2050 12:00:00 AM","oldUrls":["http:\/\/vetline.de\/open-access-methicillin-tick-borne-encephalitis-virus-tbev-serum-neutralization-test-rt-pcr-elisa\/150\/3130\/69089","http:\/\/vetline.de\/open-access-methicillin-tick-borne-encephalitis-virus-tbev-serum-neutralization-test-rt-pcr-elisa\/150\/3216\/69089"],"doiLanguage":"englisch","doiProductFormat":"Online","doiPublisher":"Schl\u00fctersche Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG","doiSerialWorkTitle":"Berl. M\u00fcnch. Tier\u00e4rztl. Wschr.","doiDocumentUri":"http:\/\/www.vetline.de\/open-access-methicillin-tick-borne-encephalitis-virus-tbev-serum-neutralization-test-rt-pcr-elisa\/150\/3130\/69089","doiSource":"Berl. M\u00fcnch. Tier\u00e4rztl. Wschr. 123: 11-12, 441-445 (2010)","doiissn":"0005-9366","doiNr":"10.2376\/0005-9366-123-441","doiFirstPage":"441","doiLastPage":"445","doiTransmitted":true,"doiAuthor":"Klaus C, Hoffmann B, Moog U, Schau U, Beer M, S\u00fcss J","pdf":{"path":"http:\/\/data\/bmtw_2010_11_0441.pdf","title":"bmtw - an goats be used as sentinels for Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) in nonendemic areas? ","description":""},"authors":[{"firstName":"C","middleName":"","lastName":"Klaus"},{"firstName":"B","middleName":"","lastName":"Hoffmann"},{"firstName":"U","middleName":"","lastName":"Moog"},{"firstName":"U","middleName":"","lastName":"Schau"},{"firstName":"M","middleName":"","lastName":"Beer"},{"firstName":"J","middleName":"","lastName":"S\u00fcss"}],"contentOptimised":"

Summary<\/strong>
A goat flock grazing year-round on a meadow in a #147;TBE non-risk area #148; in Thuringia, Germany, with a history of only isolated human TBE cases was examined repeatedly for TBE virus-(TBEV)-specific antibodies and TBEV RNA between October 2008 and December 2009. Surprisingly, TBEV specific antibodies were detected in one goat, which had never left this area. To compare the results of a natural contact to TBEV with a defined contact to TBEV, two goats were immunized experimentally. Both animals developed TBEV-specific antibodies, one goat however in a delayed and reduced manner. In addition, 177 ticks were collected from the meadow in May and June 2009, and were examined by real-time RT-PCR. However, no TBEV RNA could be detected. The results suggest that goats can be used as TBEV sentinels in defined areas. To verify this observation further investigations with a large number of animals are recommended.

Keywords:<\/strong>
Ixodes ricinus<\/strong>, Tick-borne encephalitis virus, TBEV, serum neutralization test, RT-PCR, ELISA


Zusammenfassung<\/strong>
Es wird \u00fcber Untersuchungen auf FSME-Virus-spezifische Antik\u00f6rper sowie FSME Virus RNA in einer Ziegenherde berichtet, die sich \u00fcber das gesamte Jahr auf einer Weide in einem FSME-Nicht-Risiko-Gebiet in Th\u00fcringen befand, in dem in der Vergangenheit \u00e4u\u00dferst selten einzelne humane FSME-F\u00e4lle auftraten. Die Untersuchungen wurden wiederholt zwischen Oktober 2008 und Dezember 2009 durchgef\u00fchrt. Erstaunlicherweise wies dabei eine Ziege, welche diese Weide niemals verlassen hatte, spezifische FSME-Virus-Antik\u00f6rpertiter auf. Um diese Ergebnisse eines Kontakts zu FSME-Viren via Zeckenstich mit einem definierten Kontakt zu FSME-Virus-Antigen vergleichen zu k\u00f6nnen, wurden zwei Ziegen experimentell immunisiert. Beide Tiere entwickelten FSME-Virus-Antik\u00f6rpertiter, allerdings ein Tier zeitverz\u00f6gert und erst nach mehrfachem Antigenkontakt. Au\u00dferdem wurden auf der Weide im Mai und Juni 2009 177 Zecken gesammelt. In keiner der Zecken wurde jedoch FSME-Virus RNA gefunden. Nach diesem Ergebnis k\u00f6nnten Ziegen als Sentinels f\u00fcr die Bewertung des FSME-Risikos in einer Region geeignet sein, was in weiteren Untersuchungen an einer gro\u00dfen Tierzahl verifiziert werden sollte.

Schl\u00fcsselw\u00f6rter:<\/strong>
Ixodes ricinus<\/strong>, Fr\u00fchsommer-Meningoenzephalitis, FSME, Serum- Neutralisationstest, RT-PCR, ELISA <\/p>","primaryLanguage":"englisch","summary":"A goat flock grazing year-round on a meadow in a #147;TBE non-risk area #148; in Thuringia, Germany, with a history of only isolated human TBE cases was examined repeatedly for TBE virus-(TBEV)-specific antibodies and TBEV RNA between October 2008 and December 2009. Surprisingly, TBEV specific antibodies were detected in one goat, which had never left this area. To compare the results of a natural contact to TBEV with a defined contact to TBEV, two goats were immunized experimentally. Both animals developed TBEV-specific antibodies, one goat however in a delayed and reduced manner. In addition, 177 ticks were collected from the meadow in May and June 2009, and were examined by real-time RT-PCR. However, no TBEV RNA could be detected. The results suggest that goats can be used as TBEV sentinels in defined areas. To verify this observation further investigations with a large number of animals are recommended.","keywords":["Ixodes ricinus"],"zusammenfassung":"Es wird \u00fcber Untersuchungen auf FSME-Virus-spezifische Antik\u00f6rper sowie FSME Virus RNA in einer Ziegenherde berichtet, die sich \u00fcber das gesamte Jahr auf einer Weide in einem FSME-Nicht-Risiko-Gebiet in Th\u00fcringen befand, in dem in der Vergangenheit \u00e4u\u00dferst selten einzelne humane FSME-F\u00e4lle auftraten. Die Untersuchungen wurden wiederholt zwischen Oktober 2008 und Dezember 2009 durchgef\u00fchrt. Erstaunlicherweise wies dabei eine Ziege, welche diese Weide niemals verlassen hatte, spezifische FSME-Virus-Antik\u00f6rpertiter auf. Um diese Ergebnisse eines Kontakts zu FSME-Viren via Zeckenstich mit einem definierten Kontakt zu FSME-Virus-Antigen vergleichen zu k\u00f6nnen, wurden zwei Ziegen experimentell immunisiert. Beide Tiere entwickelten FSME-Virus-Antik\u00f6rpertiter, allerdings ein Tier zeitverz\u00f6gert und erst nach mehrfachem Antigenkontakt. Au\u00dferdem wurden auf der Weide im Mai und Juni 2009 177 Zecken gesammelt. In keiner der Zecken wurde jedoch FSME-Virus RNA gefunden. Nach diesem Ergebnis k\u00f6nnten Ziegen als Sentinels f\u00fcr die Bewertung des FSME-Risikos in einer Region geeignet sein, was in weiteren Untersuchungen an einer gro\u00dfen Tierzahl verifiziert werden sollte.","schluesselwoerter":["Ixodes ricinus"],"translatedTitle":"","abstractE":"A goat flock grazing year-round on a meadow in a #147;TBE non-risk area #148; in Thuringia, Germany, with a history of only isolated human TBE cases was examined repeatedly for TBE virus-(TBEV)-specific antibodies and TBEV RNA between October 2008 and December 2009. Surprisingly, TBEV specific antibodies were detected in one goat, which had never left this area. To compare the results of a natural contact to TBEV with a defined contact to TBEV, two goats were immunized experimentally. Both animals developed TBEV-specific antibodies, one goat however in a delayed and reduced manner. In addition, 177 ticks were collected from the meadow in May and June 2009, and were examined by real-time RT-PCR. However, no TBEV RNA could be detected. The results suggest that goats can be used as TBEV sentinels in defined areas. To verify this observation further investigations with a large number of animals are recommended.","date":{"year":2010,"date":"10\/2010","accepted":"2010-10-21"},"volume":"123","openAccess":true,"journal":"Berliner und M\u00fcnchener Tier\u00e4rztliche Wochenschrift","titleImageId":944,"pages":"441-445","redirects":["open-access-methicillin-tick-borne-encephalitis-virus-tbev-serum-neutralization-test-rt-pcr-elisa\/150\/3130\/69089","open-access-methicillin-tick-borne-encephalitis-virus-tbev-serum-neutralization-test-rt-pcr-elisa\/150\/3216\/69089"],"tierartCategories":[],"artikelartCategories":["Open Access","Tier\u00e4rztliche Wochenschrift","Abostufe BMTW","Fachartikel","Abostufe frei"]} %8 10/2010