TY - JOUR KW - Lawsonia intracellularis KW - Brachyspira hyodysenteriae KW - Brachyspira pilosicoli KW - epidemiology KW - pigs AU - G Reiner AU - S Hillen AU - S v. Berg AU - M Kixmöller AU - H Willems AB - Lawsonia (L.) intracellularis, Brachyspira (B.) hyodysenteriae and B. pilosicoli are important pathogens in domestic pig production world-wide, responsible for porcine intestinal adenomatosis, swine dysentery, and porcine intestinal spirochetosis, respectively. Conventional PCR is the major diagnostic tool in the detection of the three pathogens, but the sole detection of bacterial DNA might lead to misinterpretations of results with respect to their clinical relevance, especially with mixed infections. Thus, the present study targeted the detection and quantification of the three pathogens in samples from herds with a case history of diarrhoea. Herds and samples were selected by the practitioners on a voluntary basis. Results were based on 1176 individual samples from 95 herds from Southern Germany. The pathogens were detected simultaneously by multiplex realtime PCR. The overall prevalence for L. intracellularis, B. hyodysenteriae and B. pilosicoli was 12.6%, 8.4% and 3.2% in faecal samples and 48.4%, 24.2% and 31.6% in herds, respectively. Sixty one percent, 82.6%, and 73.4% of herds positive for L. intracellularis, B. hyodysenteriae, and B. pilosicoli, respectively, had mixed infections. Median log values of DNA equivalents/g of faeces for L. intracellularis, B. hyodysenteriae and B. pilosicoli were 3.3, 5.9 and 3.2, with maxima of 8.3, 8.0 and 6.3, respectively. Within herd prevalence of B. hyodysenteriae and B. pilosicoli as well as the load of B. hyodysenteriae were significantly associated with the severity of diarrhoea. BT - Berliner und Münchener Tierärztliche Wochenschrift C1 - {"oldId":69805,"title":"Analysis of bacterial load and prevalence of mixed infections with Lawsonia intracellularis, Brachyspira hyodysenteriae and\/or Brachyspira pilosicoli in German pigs with diarrhoea","topline":"","teaserText":"Lawsonia (L.) intracellularis, Brachyspira (B.) hyodysenteriae and B. pilosicoli are important pathogens in domestic pig production world-wide, responsible for porcine intestinal adenomatosis, swine dysentery, and porcine intestinal spirochetosis, ...","content":"

Summary<\/span>
Lawsonia (L.) intracellularis, Brachyspira (B.) hyodysenteriae and B. pilosicoli are important pathogens in domestic pig production world-wide, responsible for porcine intestinal adenomatosis, swine dysentery, and porcine intestinal spirochetosis, respectively. Conventional PCR is the major diagnostic tool in the detection of the three pathogens, but the sole detection of bacterial DNA might lead to misinterpretations of results with respect to their clinical relevance, especially with mixed infections. Thus, the present study targeted the detection and quantification of the three pathogens in samples from herds with a case history of diarrhoea. Herds and samples were selected by the practitioners on a voluntary basis. Results were based on 1176 individual samples from 95 herds from Southern Germany. The pathogens were detected simultaneously by multiplex realtime PCR. The overall prevalence for L. intracellularis, B. hyodysenteriae and B. pilosicoli was 12.6%, 8.4% and 3.2% in faecal samples and 48.4%, 24.2% and 31.6% in herds, respectively. Sixty one percent, 82.6%, and 73.4% of herds positive for L. intracellularis, B. hyodysenteriae, and B. pilosicoli, respectively, had mixed infections. Median log values of DNA equivalents\/g of faeces for L. intracellularis, B. hyodysenteriae and B. pilosicoli were 3.3, 5.9 and 3.2, with maxima of 8.3, 8.0 and 6.3, respectively. Within herd prevalence of B. hyodysenteriae and B. pilosicoli as well as the load of B. hyodysenteriae were significantly associated with the severity of diarrhoea.

Keywords:<\/span>
Lawsonia intracellularis, Brachyspira hyodysenteriae, Brachyspira pilosicoli, epidemiology, pigs


Zusammenfassung<\/span>
Lawsonia (L.) intracellularis, Brachyspira (B.) hyodysenteriae und B. pilosicoli spielen als Erreger der Porcinen Intestinalen Adenomatose, der Dysenterie und der Porcinen Intestinalen Spirochaetose weltweit eine zentrale Rolle in der Schweineproduktion. Aufgrund der problematischen Anzucht der Erreger stellt die konventionelle PCR ein wesentliches diagnostisches Mittel zur Detektion dieser drei Erreger dar, obwohl der blo\u00dfe qualitative Nachweis von Erreger-DNA im Hinblick auf die klinische Relevanz der Befunde zu Fehlinterpretationen f\u00fchren kann, insbesondere beim Vorliegen von Mischinfektionen. Die vorliegende Untersuchung zielt daher, \u00fcber den rein qualitativen Nachweis hinausgehend, auf die Quantifizierung der Erregermengen in Herden mit Diarrhoe-Historie ab, sowie auf die Bestimmung der Pr\u00e4valenzen von Mono- und Mischinfektionen. Die Ergebnisse wurden anhand von 1176 individuellen Kotproben aus 95 zuf\u00e4llig ausgew\u00e4hlten s\u00fcddeutschen Herden gewonnen, die aktuell oder in der Vergangenheit ein Durchfallgeschehen zeigten. Die Herden und Proben wurden von praktizierenden Tier\u00e4rzten auf freiwilliger Basis ausgew\u00e4hlt. Die Erreger wurden gleichzeitig mittels Multiplex-Real-Time PCR nachgewiesen. Proben und Herden waren in 12,6 % bzw. 48,4 % positiv f\u00fcr L. intracellularis, in 8,4 % bzw. 24,2 % positiv f\u00fcr B. hyodysenteriae und in 3,2 % bzw. 31,6 % positiv f\u00fcr B. pilosicoli. In Herden, die mit L. intracellularis, B. hyodysenteriae und B. pilosicoli infiziert waren, zeigten sich in 61 %, 82,6 % bzw. 73,4 % Mischinfektionen. Die Mediane der Logarithmen der DNA-\u00c4quivalente\/g Kot lagen bei 3,3 (L. intracellularis), 5,9 (B. hyodysenteriae) bzw. 3,2 (B. pilosicoli). Die Erregerpr\u00e4valenzen der Brachyspiren innerhalb der Herden und die Erregermengen von B. hyodysenteriae waren signifikant mit dem beobachteten Diarrhoe- Score assoziiert.

Schl\u00fcsselw\u00f6rter:<\/span>
Lawsonia intracellularis, Brachyspira hyodysenteriae, Brachyspira pilosicoli,<\/span> Epidemiologie, Schwein <\/p>","categories":["Tier\u00e4rztliche Wochenschrift","Abostufe BMTW","Fachartikel"],"fromDate":"May 10, 2011 12:00:00 AM","toDate":"Dec 31, 2050 12:00:00 AM","oldUrls":["http:\/\/vetline.de\/lawsonia-intracellularis-brachyspira-hyodysenteriae-brachyspira-pilosicoli-epidemiology-pigs\/150\/3130\/69805"],"doiLanguage":"englisch","doiProductFormat":"Online","doiPublisher":"Schl\u00fctersche Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG","doiSerialWorkTitle":"Berl. M\u00fcnch. Tier\u00e4rztl. Wschr.","doiDocumentUri":"http:\/\/www.vetline.de\/lawsonia-intracellularis-brachyspira-hyodysenteriae-brachyspira-pilosicoli-epidemiology-pigs\/150\/3130\/69805","doiSource":"Berl. M\u00fcnch. Tier\u00e4rztl. Wschr. 124: 5-6, 236-241 (2011)","doiissn":"0005-9366","doiNr":"10.2376\/0005-9366-124-236","doiFirstPage":"236","doiLastPage":"241","doiTransmitted":true,"doiAuthor":"Reiner G, Hillen S, von Berg S, Kixm\u00f6ller M, Willems H","pdf":{"path":"http:\/\/data\/bmtw_2011_05_0236.pdf","title":"bmtw_2011_05_0236.pdf","description":"Analysis of bacterial load and prevalence of mixed infections with Lawsonia intracellularis, Brachyspira hyodysenteriae and\/or Brachyspira pilosicoli in German pigs with diarrhoea

"},"authors":[{"firstName":"G","middleName":"","lastName":"Reiner"},{"firstName":"S","middleName":"","lastName":"Hillen"},{"firstName":"S","middleName":"","lastName":"von Berg"},{"firstName":"M","middleName":"","lastName":"Kixm\u00f6ller"},{"firstName":"H","middleName":"","lastName":"Willems"}],"contentOptimised":"

Summary<\/strong>
Lawsonia (L.) intracellularis, Brachyspira (B.) hyodysenteriae and B. pilosicoli are important pathogens in domestic pig production world-wide, responsible for porcine intestinal adenomatosis, swine dysentery, and porcine intestinal spirochetosis, respectively. Conventional PCR is the major diagnostic tool in the detection of the three pathogens, but the sole detection of bacterial DNA might lead to misinterpretations of results with respect to their clinical relevance, especially with mixed infections. Thus, the present study targeted the detection and quantification of the three pathogens in samples from herds with a case history of diarrhoea. Herds and samples were selected by the practitioners on a voluntary basis. Results were based on 1176 individual samples from 95 herds from Southern Germany. The pathogens were detected simultaneously by multiplex realtime PCR. The overall prevalence for L. intracellularis, B. hyodysenteriae and B. pilosicoli was 12.6%, 8.4% and 3.2% in faecal samples and 48.4%, 24.2% and 31.6% in herds, respectively. Sixty one percent, 82.6%, and 73.4% of herds positive for L. intracellularis, B. hyodysenteriae, and B. pilosicoli, respectively, had mixed infections. Median log values of DNA equivalents\/g of faeces for L. intracellularis, B. hyodysenteriae and B. pilosicoli were 3.3, 5.9 and 3.2, with maxima of 8.3, 8.0 and 6.3, respectively. Within herd prevalence of B. hyodysenteriae and B. pilosicoli as well as the load of B. hyodysenteriae were significantly associated with the severity of diarrhoea.

Keywords:<\/strong>
Lawsonia intracellularis, Brachyspira hyodysenteriae, Brachyspira pilosicoli, epidemiology, pigs


Zusammenfassung<\/strong>
Lawsonia (L.) intracellularis, Brachyspira (B.) hyodysenteriae und B. pilosicoli spielen als Erreger der Porcinen Intestinalen Adenomatose, der Dysenterie und der Porcinen Intestinalen Spirochaetose weltweit eine zentrale Rolle in der Schweineproduktion. Aufgrund der problematischen Anzucht der Erreger stellt die konventionelle PCR ein wesentliches diagnostisches Mittel zur Detektion dieser drei Erreger dar, obwohl der blo\u00dfe qualitative Nachweis von Erreger-DNA im Hinblick auf die klinische Relevanz der Befunde zu Fehlinterpretationen f\u00fchren kann, insbesondere beim Vorliegen von Mischinfektionen. Die vorliegende Untersuchung zielt daher, \u00fcber den rein qualitativen Nachweis hinausgehend, auf die Quantifizierung der Erregermengen in Herden mit Diarrhoe-Historie ab, sowie auf die Bestimmung der Pr\u00e4valenzen von Mono- und Mischinfektionen. Die Ergebnisse wurden anhand von 1176 individuellen Kotproben aus 95 zuf\u00e4llig ausgew\u00e4hlten s\u00fcddeutschen Herden gewonnen, die aktuell oder in der Vergangenheit ein Durchfallgeschehen zeigten. Die Herden und Proben wurden von praktizierenden Tier\u00e4rzten auf freiwilliger Basis ausgew\u00e4hlt. Die Erreger wurden gleichzeitig mittels Multiplex-Real-Time PCR nachgewiesen. Proben und Herden waren in 12,6 % bzw. 48,4 % positiv f\u00fcr L. intracellularis, in 8,4 % bzw. 24,2 % positiv f\u00fcr B. hyodysenteriae und in 3,2 % bzw. 31,6 % positiv f\u00fcr B. pilosicoli. In Herden, die mit L. intracellularis, B. hyodysenteriae und B. pilosicoli infiziert waren, zeigten sich in 61 %, 82,6 % bzw. 73,4 % Mischinfektionen. Die Mediane der Logarithmen der DNA-\u00c4quivalente\/g Kot lagen bei 3,3 (L. intracellularis), 5,9 (B. hyodysenteriae) bzw. 3,2 (B. pilosicoli). Die Erregerpr\u00e4valenzen der Brachyspiren innerhalb der Herden und die Erregermengen von B. hyodysenteriae waren signifikant mit dem beobachteten Diarrhoe- Score assoziiert.

Schl\u00fcsselw\u00f6rter:<\/strong>
Lawsonia intracellularis, Brachyspira hyodysenteriae, Brachyspira pilosicoli,<\/strong> Epidemiologie, Schwein <\/p>","primaryLanguage":"englisch","summary":"Lawsonia (L.) intracellularis, Brachyspira (B.) hyodysenteriae and B. pilosicoli are important pathogens in domestic pig production world-wide, responsible for porcine intestinal adenomatosis, swine dysentery, and porcine intestinal spirochetosis, respectively. Conventional PCR is the major diagnostic tool in the detection of the three pathogens, but the sole detection of bacterial DNA might lead to misinterpretations of results with respect to their clinical relevance, especially with mixed infections. Thus, the present study targeted the detection and quantification of the three pathogens in samples from herds with a case history of diarrhoea. Herds and samples were selected by the practitioners on a voluntary basis. Results were based on 1176 individual samples from 95 herds from Southern Germany. The pathogens were detected simultaneously by multiplex realtime PCR. The overall prevalence for L. intracellularis, B. hyodysenteriae and B. pilosicoli was 12.6%, 8.4% and 3.2% in faecal samples and 48.4%, 24.2% and 31.6% in herds, respectively. Sixty one percent, 82.6%, and 73.4% of herds positive for L. intracellularis, B. hyodysenteriae, and B. pilosicoli, respectively, had mixed infections. Median log values of DNA equivalents\/g of faeces for L. intracellularis, B. hyodysenteriae and B. pilosicoli were 3.3, 5.9 and 3.2, with maxima of 8.3, 8.0 and 6.3, respectively. Within herd prevalence of B. hyodysenteriae and B. pilosicoli as well as the load of B. hyodysenteriae were significantly associated with the severity of diarrhoea.","keywords":["Lawsonia intracellularis","Brachyspira hyodysenteriae","Brachyspira pilosicoli","epidemiology","pigs"],"zusammenfassung":"Lawsonia (L.) intracellularis, Brachyspira (B.) hyodysenteriae und B. pilosicoli spielen als Erreger der Porcinen Intestinalen Adenomatose, der Dysenterie und der Porcinen Intestinalen Spirochaetose weltweit eine zentrale Rolle in der Schweineproduktion. Aufgrund der problematischen Anzucht der Erreger stellt die konventionelle PCR ein wesentliches diagnostisches Mittel zur Detektion dieser drei Erreger dar, obwohl der blo\u00dfe qualitative Nachweis von Erreger-DNA im Hinblick auf die klinische Relevanz der Befunde zu Fehlinterpretationen f\u00fchren kann, insbesondere beim Vorliegen von Mischinfektionen. Die vorliegende Untersuchung zielt daher, \u00fcber den rein qualitativen Nachweis hinausgehend, auf die Quantifizierung der Erregermengen in Herden mit Diarrhoe-Historie ab, sowie auf die Bestimmung der Pr\u00e4valenzen von Mono- und Mischinfektionen. Die Ergebnisse wurden anhand von 1176 individuellen Kotproben aus 95 zuf\u00e4llig ausgew\u00e4hlten s\u00fcddeutschen Herden gewonnen, die aktuell oder in der Vergangenheit ein Durchfallgeschehen zeigten. Die Herden und Proben wurden von praktizierenden Tier\u00e4rzten auf freiwilliger Basis ausgew\u00e4hlt. Die Erreger wurden gleichzeitig mittels Multiplex-Real-Time PCR nachgewiesen. Proben und Herden waren in 12,6 % bzw. 48,4 % positiv f\u00fcr L. intracellularis, in 8,4 % bzw. 24,2 % positiv f\u00fcr B. hyodysenteriae und in 3,2 % bzw. 31,6 % positiv f\u00fcr B. pilosicoli. In Herden, die mit L. intracellularis, B. hyodysenteriae und B. pilosicoli infiziert waren, zeigten sich in 61 %, 82,6 % bzw. 73,4 % Mischinfektionen. Die Mediane der Logarithmen der DNA-\u00c4quivalente\/g Kot lagen bei 3,3 (L. intracellularis), 5,9 (B. hyodysenteriae) bzw. 3,2 (B. pilosicoli). Die Erregerpr\u00e4valenzen der Brachyspiren innerhalb der Herden und die Erregermengen von B. hyodysenteriae waren signifikant mit dem beobachteten Diarrhoe- Score assoziiert.","schluesselwoerter":["Lawsonia intracellularis","Brachyspira hyodysenteriae","Brachyspira pilosicoli",""],"translatedTitle":"Lawsonia (L.) intracellularis, Brachyspira (B.) hyodysenteriae and B. pilosicoli are important pathogens in domestic pig production world-wide, responsible for porcine intestinal adenomatosis, swine dysentery, and porcine intestinal spirochetosis, ...","abstractE":"Lawsonia (L.) intracellularis, Brachyspira (B.) hyodysenteriae and B. pilosicoli are important pathogens in domestic pig production world-wide, responsible for porcine intestinal adenomatosis, swine dysentery, and porcine intestinal spirochetosis, respectively. Conventional PCR is the major diagnostic tool in the detection of the three pathogens, but the sole detection of bacterial DNA might lead to misinterpretations of results with respect to their clinical relevance, especially with mixed infections. Thus, the present study targeted the detection and quantification of the three pathogens in samples from herds with a case history of diarrhoea. Herds and samples were selected by the practitioners on a voluntary basis. Results were based on 1176 individual samples from 95 herds from Southern Germany. The pathogens were detected simultaneously by multiplex realtime PCR. The overall prevalence for L. intracellularis, B. hyodysenteriae and B. pilosicoli was 12.6%, 8.4% and 3.2% in faecal samples and 48.4%, 24.2% and 31.6% in herds, respectively. Sixty one percent, 82.6%, and 73.4% of herds positive for L. intracellularis, B. hyodysenteriae, and B. pilosicoli, respectively, had mixed infections. Median log values of DNA equivalents\/g of faeces for L. intracellularis, B. hyodysenteriae and B. pilosicoli were 3.3, 5.9 and 3.2, with maxima of 8.3, 8.0 and 6.3, respectively. Within herd prevalence of B. hyodysenteriae and B. pilosicoli as well as the load of B. hyodysenteriae were significantly associated with the severity of diarrhoea.","date":{"year":2011,"date":"05\/2011","accepted":"2011-05-10"},"volume":"124","openAccess":false,"journal":"Berliner und M\u00fcnchener Tier\u00e4rztliche Wochenschrift","titleImageId":944,"pages":"236-241","redirects":["lawsonia-intracellularis-brachyspira-hyodysenteriae-brachyspira-pilosicoli-epidemiology-pigs\/150\/3130\/69805"],"tierartCategories":[],"artikelartCategories":["Tier\u00e4rztliche Wochenschrift","Abostufe BMTW","Fachartikel"]} CY - Hannover DA - 05/2011 DO - 10.2376/0005-9366-124-236 LA - English N2 - Lawsonia (L.) intracellularis, Brachyspira (B.) hyodysenteriae and B. pilosicoli are important pathogens in domestic pig production world-wide, responsible for porcine intestinal adenomatosis, swine dysentery, and porcine intestinal spirochetosis, respectively. Conventional PCR is the major diagnostic tool in the detection of the three pathogens, but the sole detection of bacterial DNA might lead to misinterpretations of results with respect to their clinical relevance, especially with mixed infections. Thus, the present study targeted the detection and quantification of the three pathogens in samples from herds with a case history of diarrhoea. Herds and samples were selected by the practitioners on a voluntary basis. Results were based on 1176 individual samples from 95 herds from Southern Germany. The pathogens were detected simultaneously by multiplex realtime PCR. The overall prevalence for L. intracellularis, B. hyodysenteriae and B. pilosicoli was 12.6%, 8.4% and 3.2% in faecal samples and 48.4%, 24.2% and 31.6% in herds, respectively. Sixty one percent, 82.6%, and 73.4% of herds positive for L. intracellularis, B. hyodysenteriae, and B. pilosicoli, respectively, had mixed infections. Median log values of DNA equivalents/g of faeces for L. intracellularis, B. hyodysenteriae and B. pilosicoli were 3.3, 5.9 and 3.2, with maxima of 8.3, 8.0 and 6.3, respectively. Within herd prevalence of B. hyodysenteriae and B. pilosicoli as well as the load of B. hyodysenteriae were significantly associated with the severity of diarrhoea. PB - Schlütersche Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG PP - Hannover PY - 2011 SP - 236 EP - 241 T1 - Analysis of bacterial load and prevalence of mixed infections with Lawsonia intracellularis, Brachyspira hyodysenteriae and/or Brachyspira pilosicoli in German pigs with diarrhoea T2 - Berliner und Münchener Tierärztliche Wochenschrift TI - Analysis of bacterial load and prevalence of mixed infections with Lawsonia intracellularis, Brachyspira hyodysenteriae and/or Brachyspira pilosicoli in German pigs with diarrhoea TT - Lawsonia (L.) intracellularis, Brachyspira (B.) hyodysenteriae and B. pilosicoli are important pathogens in domestic pig production world-wide, responsible for porcine intestinal adenomatosis, swine dysentery, and porcine intestinal spirochetosis, ... VL - 124 SN - 0005-9366 ER -