TY - JOUR KW - seroprevalence KW - ELISA KW - serum neutralization test AU - C Klaus AU - M Beer AU - R Saier AU - H Schubert AU - S Bischoff AU - J Süss AB - Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) in animals is not well understood yet. TBE virus (TBEV) serology in several host species could be valuable for epidemiological analyses in the field as well as for the detection of clinical cases. However, performance and suitability of the available test systems are not well assessed. Therefore, we evaluated two commercial TBEV-ELISA kits in a pilot study and compared them for their suitability in veterinary applications. For this purpose, we tested 164 field collected goat sera and evaluated the results by serum neutralization test (SNT) as #147;gold standard #148;. Twenty-eight SNT positive sera (17.2%) were detected. The best suited ELISA kit was used for determination of a species-specific cutoff for horses, cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, mice, dogs, rabbits and monkeys with defined sera from animals without known or with improbable contact to TBEV. The level of non-specific ELISA results does not only differ between animal species but may also be influenced by the age of the tested animals. The number of sera which tested false positive by ELISA was higher in older than in young sheep. In order to obtain defined polyclonal sera as references, two dogs, cattle, goats, sheep, rabbits and pigs each, as well as one horse and 90 mice were immunized four times with a commercially available TBEV vaccine. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that commercial TBEV-ELISA kits are suitable for application in veterinary medicine for both, verification of clinical TBE cases and epidemiological screening. However, positive ELISA results should be verified by SNT. Only a very low number of false negative ELISA-results were found. BT - Berliner und Münchener Tierärztliche Wochenschrift C1 - {"oldId":69460,"title":"Evaluation of serological tests for detecting tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) antibodies in animals","topline":"","teaserText":"","content":"

Summary<\/span>
Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) in animals is not well understood yet. TBE virus (TBEV) serology in several host species could be valuable for epidemiological analyses in the field as well as for the detection of clinical cases. However, performance and suitability of the available test systems are not well assessed. Therefore, we evaluated two commercial TBEV-ELISA kits in a pilot study and compared them for their suitability in veterinary applications. For this purpose, we tested 164 field collected goat sera and evaluated the results by serum neutralization test (SNT) as #147;gold standard #148;. Twenty-eight SNT positive sera (17.2%) were detected. The best suited ELISA kit was used for determination of a species-specific cutoff for horses, cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, mice, dogs, rabbits and monkeys with defined sera from animals without known or with improbable contact to TBEV. The level of non-specific ELISA results does not only differ between animal species but may also be influenced by the age of the tested animals. The number of sera which tested false positive by ELISA was higher in older than in young sheep. In order to obtain defined polyclonal sera as references, two dogs, cattle, goats, sheep, rabbits and pigs each, as well as one horse and 90 mice were immunized four times with a commercially available TBEV vaccine. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that commercial TBEV-ELISA kits are suitable for application in veterinary medicine for both, verification of clinical TBE cases and epidemiological screening. However, positive ELISA results should be verified by SNT. Only a very low number of false negative ELISA-results were found.

Keywords:<\/span>
seroprevalence, ELISA, serum neutralization test


Zusammenfassung<\/span>
Zur Fr\u00fchsommer-Meningoenzephalitis (FSME) bei Tieren ist bisher wenig bekannt. Die FSME-Serologie bei verschiedenen Tierspezies kann sowohl f\u00fcr epidemiologische Analysen als auch f\u00fcr die Abkl\u00e4rung klinischer FSME-F\u00e4lle beim Tier bedeutsam sein. Bisher sind die verf\u00fcgbaren Testsysteme f\u00fcr Seren von Tieren nicht gut evaluiert. Deshalb wurden zwei kommerziell erh\u00e4ltliche FSME-ELISA kits auf ihre Verwendbarkeit in der Veterin\u00e4rmedizin verglichen. Dazu wurden 164 Ziegenseren aus Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg verwendet. Alle ELISA Ergebnisse wurden mittels Serum-Neutralisationstest (SNT) als #132;Gold Standard #148; \u00fcberpr\u00fcft und 28 positive Seren (17,2 %) gefunden.
Das am besten geeignete ELISA Kit wurde zur Bestimmung eines tierartspezifischen Cut-Offs f\u00fcr Pferde, Rinder, Schafe, Ziegen, Schweine, M\u00e4use, Hunde, Kaninchen und Affen herangezogen. Die Seren stammten von Tieren, die mit sehr hoher Wahrscheinlichkeit keinen Kontakt zu FSME-Viren (FSMEV) hatten. Um definierte polyklonale Seren als Referenzmaterial zu erhalten, wurden je zwei Hunde, Rinder, Ziegen, Schafe, Kaninchen, Schweine, ein Pferd und 90 M\u00e4use mit einem kommerziell erh\u00e4ltlichen Impfstoff immunisiert. Die Anzahl der unspezifischen ELISA-Reaktionen scheint nicht nur von der Tierart, sondern auch vom Alter der Tiere beeinflusst zu werden. Bei Schafen war die Zahl der im ELISA falsch positiv getesteten Tiere bei \u00e4lteren Tieren deutlich h\u00f6her, als bei j\u00fcngeren Tieren. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Verwendung der kommerziellen FSMEV-ELISA-Kits in der Veterin\u00e4rmedizin m\u00f6glich ist, sowohl zur Abkl\u00e4rung klinischer FSME-F\u00e4lle als auch als Screening-Test f\u00fcr epidemiologische Fragestellungen. Jedoch sollten die positiven ELISA Ergebnisse immer mittels SNT verifiziert werden. Es trat eine geringe Zahl an falsch negativen ELISA-Ergebnissen auf.

Schl\u00fcsselw\u00f6rter:<\/span>
Seropr\u00e4valenz, ELISA, Serum-Neutralisationstest <\/p>","categories":["Open Access","Tier\u00e4rztliche Wochenschrift","Abostufe BMTW","Fachartikel","Abostufe frei"],"fromDate":"Oct 20, 2011 12:00:00 AM","toDate":"Dec 31, 2050 12:00:00 AM","oldUrls":["http:\/\/vetline.de\/seroprevalence-elisa-serum-neutralization-test\/150\/3216\/69460","http:\/\/vetline.de\/seroprevalence-elisa-serum-neutralization-test\/150\/3130\/69460"],"doiLanguage":"englisch","doiProductFormat":"Online","doiPublisher":"Schl\u00fctersche Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG","doiSerialWorkTitle":"Berl. M\u00fcnch. Tier\u00e4rztl. Wschr.","doiDocumentUri":"http:\/\/www.vetline.de\/seroprevalence-elisa-serum-neutralization-test\/150\/3130\/69460","doiSource":"Berl. M\u00fcnch. Tier\u00e4rztl. Wschr. 124: 11-12, 443-449 (2011)","doiissn":"0005-9366","doiNr":"10.2376\/0005-9366-124-443","doiFirstPage":"443","doiLastPage":"449","doiTransmitted":true,"doiAuthor":" Klaus C, Beer M, Saier R, Schubert H, Bischoff S, S\u00fcss J","pdf":{"path":"http:\/\/data\/bmtw_2011_11_0443.pdf","title":"bmtw - Evaluation of serological tests for detecting tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) antibodies in animals ","description":""},"authors":[{"firstName":"C","middleName":"","lastName":"Klaus"},{"firstName":"M","middleName":"","lastName":"Beer"},{"firstName":"R","middleName":"","lastName":"Saier"},{"firstName":"H","middleName":"","lastName":"Schubert"},{"firstName":"S","middleName":"","lastName":"Bischoff"},{"firstName":"J","middleName":"","lastName":"S\u00fcss"}],"contentOptimised":"

Summary<\/strong>
Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) in animals is not well understood yet. TBE virus (TBEV) serology in several host species could be valuable for epidemiological analyses in the field as well as for the detection of clinical cases. However, performance and suitability of the available test systems are not well assessed. Therefore, we evaluated two commercial TBEV-ELISA kits in a pilot study and compared them for their suitability in veterinary applications. For this purpose, we tested 164 field collected goat sera and evaluated the results by serum neutralization test (SNT) as #147;gold standard #148;. Twenty-eight SNT positive sera (17.2%) were detected. The best suited ELISA kit was used for determination of a species-specific cutoff for horses, cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, mice, dogs, rabbits and monkeys with defined sera from animals without known or with improbable contact to TBEV. The level of non-specific ELISA results does not only differ between animal species but may also be influenced by the age of the tested animals. The number of sera which tested false positive by ELISA was higher in older than in young sheep. In order to obtain defined polyclonal sera as references, two dogs, cattle, goats, sheep, rabbits and pigs each, as well as one horse and 90 mice were immunized four times with a commercially available TBEV vaccine. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that commercial TBEV-ELISA kits are suitable for application in veterinary medicine for both, verification of clinical TBE cases and epidemiological screening. However, positive ELISA results should be verified by SNT. Only a very low number of false negative ELISA-results were found.

Keywords:<\/strong>
seroprevalence, ELISA, serum neutralization test


Zusammenfassung<\/strong>
Zur Fr\u00fchsommer-Meningoenzephalitis (FSME) bei Tieren ist bisher wenig bekannt. Die FSME-Serologie bei verschiedenen Tierspezies kann sowohl f\u00fcr epidemiologische Analysen als auch f\u00fcr die Abkl\u00e4rung klinischer FSME-F\u00e4lle beim Tier bedeutsam sein. Bisher sind die verf\u00fcgbaren Testsysteme f\u00fcr Seren von Tieren nicht gut evaluiert. Deshalb wurden zwei kommerziell erh\u00e4ltliche FSME-ELISA kits auf ihre Verwendbarkeit in der Veterin\u00e4rmedizin verglichen. Dazu wurden 164 Ziegenseren aus Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg verwendet. Alle ELISA Ergebnisse wurden mittels Serum-Neutralisationstest (SNT) als #132;Gold Standard #148; \u00fcberpr\u00fcft und 28 positive Seren (17,2 %) gefunden.
Das am besten geeignete ELISA Kit wurde zur Bestimmung eines tierartspezifischen Cut-Offs f\u00fcr Pferde, Rinder, Schafe, Ziegen, Schweine, M\u00e4use, Hunde, Kaninchen und Affen herangezogen. Die Seren stammten von Tieren, die mit sehr hoher Wahrscheinlichkeit keinen Kontakt zu FSME-Viren (FSMEV) hatten. Um definierte polyklonale Seren als Referenzmaterial zu erhalten, wurden je zwei Hunde, Rinder, Ziegen, Schafe, Kaninchen, Schweine, ein Pferd und 90 M\u00e4use mit einem kommerziell erh\u00e4ltlichen Impfstoff immunisiert. Die Anzahl der unspezifischen ELISA-Reaktionen scheint nicht nur von der Tierart, sondern auch vom Alter der Tiere beeinflusst zu werden. Bei Schafen war die Zahl der im ELISA falsch positiv getesteten Tiere bei \u00e4lteren Tieren deutlich h\u00f6her, als bei j\u00fcngeren Tieren. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Verwendung der kommerziellen FSMEV-ELISA-Kits in der Veterin\u00e4rmedizin m\u00f6glich ist, sowohl zur Abkl\u00e4rung klinischer FSME-F\u00e4lle als auch als Screening-Test f\u00fcr epidemiologische Fragestellungen. Jedoch sollten die positiven ELISA Ergebnisse immer mittels SNT verifiziert werden. Es trat eine geringe Zahl an falsch negativen ELISA-Ergebnissen auf.

Schl\u00fcsselw\u00f6rter:<\/strong>
Seropr\u00e4valenz, ELISA, Serum-Neutralisationstest <\/p>","primaryLanguage":"englisch","summary":"Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) in animals is not well understood yet. TBE virus (TBEV) serology in several host species could be valuable for epidemiological analyses in the field as well as for the detection of clinical cases. However, performance and suitability of the available test systems are not well assessed. Therefore, we evaluated two commercial TBEV-ELISA kits in a pilot study and compared them for their suitability in veterinary applications. For this purpose, we tested 164 field collected goat sera and evaluated the results by serum neutralization test (SNT) as #147;gold standard #148;. Twenty-eight SNT positive sera (17.2%) were detected. The best suited ELISA kit was used for determination of a species-specific cutoff for horses, cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, mice, dogs, rabbits and monkeys with defined sera from animals without known or with improbable contact to TBEV. The level of non-specific ELISA results does not only differ between animal species but may also be influenced by the age of the tested animals. The number of sera which tested false positive by ELISA was higher in older than in young sheep. In order to obtain defined polyclonal sera as references, two dogs, cattle, goats, sheep, rabbits and pigs each, as well as one horse and 90 mice were immunized four times with a commercially available TBEV vaccine. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that commercial TBEV-ELISA kits are suitable for application in veterinary medicine for both, verification of clinical TBE cases and epidemiological screening. However, positive ELISA results should be verified by SNT. Only a very low number of false negative ELISA-results were found.","keywords":["seroprevalence","ELISA","serum neutralization test"],"zusammenfassung":"Zur Fr\u00fchsommer-Meningoenzephalitis (FSME) bei Tieren ist bisher wenig bekannt. Die FSME-Serologie bei verschiedenen Tierspezies kann sowohl f\u00fcr epidemiologische Analysen als auch f\u00fcr die Abkl\u00e4rung klinischer FSME-F\u00e4lle beim Tier bedeutsam sein. Bisher sind die verf\u00fcgbaren Testsysteme f\u00fcr Seren von Tieren nicht gut evaluiert. Deshalb wurden zwei kommerziell erh\u00e4ltliche FSME-ELISA kits auf ihre Verwendbarkeit in der Veterin\u00e4rmedizin verglichen. Dazu wurden 164 Ziegenseren aus Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg verwendet. Alle ELISA Ergebnisse wurden mittels Serum-Neutralisationstest (SNT) als #132;Gold Standard #148; \u00fcberpr\u00fcft und 28 positive Seren (17,2 %) gefunden.
Das am besten geeignete ELISA Kit wurde zur Bestimmung eines tierartspezifischen Cut-Offs f\u00fcr Pferde, Rinder, Schafe, Ziegen, Schweine, M\u00e4use, Hunde, Kaninchen und Affen herangezogen. Die Seren stammten von Tieren, die mit sehr hoher Wahrscheinlichkeit keinen Kontakt zu FSME-Viren (FSMEV) hatten. Um definierte polyklonale Seren als Referenzmaterial zu erhalten, wurden je zwei Hunde, Rinder, Ziegen, Schafe, Kaninchen, Schweine, ein Pferd und 90 M\u00e4use mit einem kommerziell erh\u00e4ltlichen Impfstoff immunisiert. Die Anzahl der unspezifischen ELISA-Reaktionen scheint nicht nur von der Tierart, sondern auch vom Alter der Tiere beeinflusst zu werden. Bei Schafen war die Zahl der im ELISA falsch positiv getesteten Tiere bei \u00e4lteren Tieren deutlich h\u00f6her, als bei j\u00fcngeren Tieren. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Verwendung der kommerziellen FSMEV-ELISA-Kits in der Veterin\u00e4rmedizin m\u00f6glich ist, sowohl zur Abkl\u00e4rung klinischer FSME-F\u00e4lle als auch als Screening-Test f\u00fcr epidemiologische Fragestellungen. Jedoch sollten die positiven ELISA Ergebnisse immer mittels SNT verifiziert werden. Es trat eine geringe Zahl an falsch negativen ELISA-Ergebnissen auf.","schluesselwoerter":["Seropr\u00e4valenz","ELISA","Serum-Neutralisationstest"],"translatedTitle":"","abstractE":"Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) in animals is not well understood yet. TBE virus (TBEV) serology in several host species could be valuable for epidemiological analyses in the field as well as for the detection of clinical cases. However, performance and suitability of the available test systems are not well assessed. Therefore, we evaluated two commercial TBEV-ELISA kits in a pilot study and compared them for their suitability in veterinary applications. For this purpose, we tested 164 field collected goat sera and evaluated the results by serum neutralization test (SNT) as #147;gold standard #148;. Twenty-eight SNT positive sera (17.2%) were detected. The best suited ELISA kit was used for determination of a species-specific cutoff for horses, cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, mice, dogs, rabbits and monkeys with defined sera from animals without known or with improbable contact to TBEV. The level of non-specific ELISA results does not only differ between animal species but may also be influenced by the age of the tested animals. The number of sera which tested false positive by ELISA was higher in older than in young sheep. In order to obtain defined polyclonal sera as references, two dogs, cattle, goats, sheep, rabbits and pigs each, as well as one horse and 90 mice were immunized four times with a commercially available TBEV vaccine. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that commercial TBEV-ELISA kits are suitable for application in veterinary medicine for both, verification of clinical TBE cases and epidemiological screening. However, positive ELISA results should be verified by SNT. Only a very low number of false negative ELISA-results were found.","date":{"year":2011,"date":"10\/2011","accepted":"2011-10-20"},"volume":"124","openAccess":true,"journal":"Berliner und M\u00fcnchener Tier\u00e4rztliche Wochenschrift","titleImageId":944,"pages":"443-449","redirects":["seroprevalence-elisa-serum-neutralization-test\/150\/3216\/69460","seroprevalence-elisa-serum-neutralization-test\/150\/3130\/69460"],"tierartCategories":[],"artikelartCategories":["Open Access","Tier\u00e4rztliche Wochenschrift","Abostufe BMTW","Fachartikel","Abostufe frei"]} CY - Hannover DA - 10/2011 DO - 10.2376/0005-9366-124-443 LA - English N2 - Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) in animals is not well understood yet. TBE virus (TBEV) serology in several host species could be valuable for epidemiological analyses in the field as well as for the detection of clinical cases. However, performance and suitability of the available test systems are not well assessed. Therefore, we evaluated two commercial TBEV-ELISA kits in a pilot study and compared them for their suitability in veterinary applications. For this purpose, we tested 164 field collected goat sera and evaluated the results by serum neutralization test (SNT) as #147;gold standard #148;. Twenty-eight SNT positive sera (17.2%) were detected. The best suited ELISA kit was used for determination of a species-specific cutoff for horses, cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, mice, dogs, rabbits and monkeys with defined sera from animals without known or with improbable contact to TBEV. The level of non-specific ELISA results does not only differ between animal species but may also be influenced by the age of the tested animals. The number of sera which tested false positive by ELISA was higher in older than in young sheep. In order to obtain defined polyclonal sera as references, two dogs, cattle, goats, sheep, rabbits and pigs each, as well as one horse and 90 mice were immunized four times with a commercially available TBEV vaccine. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that commercial TBEV-ELISA kits are suitable for application in veterinary medicine for both, verification of clinical TBE cases and epidemiological screening. However, positive ELISA results should be verified by SNT. Only a very low number of false negative ELISA-results were found. PB - Schlütersche Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG PP - Hannover PY - 2011 SP - 443 EP - 449 T1 - Evaluation of serological tests for detecting tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) antibodies in animals T2 - Berliner und Münchener Tierärztliche Wochenschrift TI - Evaluation of serological tests for detecting tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) antibodies in animals VL - 124 SN - 0005-9366 ER -