TY - JOUR KW - carnivores KW - pathology KW - parasites KW - bovine tuberculosis KW - wildlife AU - I Völker AU - M Böer AU - W Baumgärtner AU - P Wohlsein AB - The necropsy cases of 15 Eurasian lynx from northwestern Germany examined between 2001 and 2011 were reviewed retrospectively. Eight animals originated from different zoos and seven belonged to a reintroduction project in the region of Harz. In all lynx different organ systems were affected simultaneously. The most frequent findings included cachectic or poor nutritional status (n = 8), intestinal endoparasitosis (n = 8), pulmonary lesions (n = 8), gastro-enteritis (n = 5), sarcoptic mange (n = 5), and traumatic injuries (n = 4). Three lynx suffered from bovine tuberculosis with varying organ involvements. In captive lynx the most frequent findings included pulmonary lesions, particularly pneumonia, followed by intestinal endoparasitosis. The pulmonary inflammations may be caused by infectious agents possibly due to a comparatively higher infection pressure in zoos. In contrast, cachexia, endo- and ectoparasitoses, and gastro-enteritis represented the predominant findings in free-ranged lynx. The cause of cachexia was most likely sarcoptic mange except in one animal that suffered from a chronic femoral fracture. Frequent concurrent disorders were gastro-enteritis and intestinal endoparasitosis. Even though the number of animals in both groups was low, the spectrum of the most frequent morphological findings in captive and free-ranging lynx differed influenced most likely by the different environmental conditions. BT - Berliner und Münchener Tierärztliche Wochenschrift C1 - {"oldId":100048,"title":"Diseases in captive and reintroduced Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) from northwestern Germany","topline":"","teaserText":"Erkrankungen von in menschlicher Obhut gehaltenen und ausgewilderten Eurasischen Luchsen (Lynx lynx) aus Nordwest-Deutschland","content":"

Summary<\/span>
The necropsy cases of 15 Eurasian lynx from northwestern Germany examined between 2001 and 2011 were reviewed retrospectively. Eight animals originated from different zoos and seven belonged to a reintroduction project in the region of Harz. In all lynx different organ systems were affected simultaneously. The most frequent findings included cachectic or poor nutritional status (n = 8), intestinal endoparasitosis (n = 8), pulmonary lesions (n = 8), gastro-enteritis (n = 5), sarcoptic mange (n = 5), and traumatic injuries (n = 4). Three lynx suffered from bovine tuberculosis with varying organ involvements. In captive lynx the most frequent findings included pulmonary lesions, particularly pneumonia, followed by intestinal endoparasitosis. The pulmonary inflammations may be caused by infectious agents possibly due to a comparatively higher infection pressure in zoos. In contrast, cachexia, endo- and ectoparasitoses, and gastro-enteritis represented the predominant findings in free-ranged lynx. The cause of cachexia was most likely sarcoptic mange except in one animal that suffered from a chronic femoral fracture. Frequent concurrent disorders were gastro-enteritis and intestinal endoparasitosis. Even though the number of animals in both groups was low, the spectrum of the most frequent morphological findings in captive and free-ranging lynx differed influenced most likely by the different environmental conditions. <\/p>

Keywords<\/span>
carnivores, pathology, parasites, bovine tuberculosis, wildlife <\/p>

Zusammenfassung<\/span>
Die Sektionsf\u00e4lle von 15 Eurasischen Luchsen aus Nordwest-Deutschland aus dem Zeitraum von 2001 bis 2011 wurden retrospektiv analysiert. Acht Tiere stammten aus verschiedenen Zoos und sieben kamen aus einem Wiederansiedelungsprojekt im Harz. Bei allen Luchsen waren verschiedene Organsysteme gleichzeitig betroffen. Die h\u00e4ufigsten Befunde umfassten Kachexie oder schlechten Ern\u00e4hrungszustand (n = 8), intestinale Endoparasitosen (n = 8), Lungenalterationen (n = 8), Gastroenteritis (n = 5), Sarkoptesr\u00e4ude (n = 5) und traumatisch bedingte Verletzungen (n = 4). Drei Luchse litten an boviner Tuberkulose mit unterschiedlicher Organbeteiligung. Die h\u00e4ufigsten Befunde bei in Zoos gehaltenen Luchsen waren pulmonale Ver\u00e4nderungen, insbesondere Pneumonien, und intestinale Endoparasitosen. Die pulmonalen Entz\u00fcndungen k\u00f6nnten durch Infektionserreger verursacht sein und sind m\u00f6glicherweise durch einen vergleichsweise h\u00f6heren Infektionsdruck in zoologischen Haltungen verursacht. Demgegen\u00fcber stellten Kachexie, Endo- und Ektoparasitosen sowie Gastroenteritiden die h\u00e4ufigsten Befunde bei wild lebenden Luchsen dar. Die Ursache der Kachexie bei wild lebenden Luchsen war wahrscheinlich die Sarkoptesr\u00e4ude, au\u00dfer bei einem Tier, das an einer chronischen Femurfraktur litt. Gleichzeitig fanden sich h\u00e4ufig Gastroenteritiden und intestinale Endoparasitosen. Auch wenn die Tierzahlen in beiden Gruppen klein waren, so lagen doch unterschiedliche Spektren der h\u00e4ufigsten morphologischen Ver\u00e4nderungen bei in Zoos gehaltenen und frei lebenden Luchsen vor, die wahrscheinlich auf den verschiedenen Umweltbedingungen beruhen. <\/p>

Schl\u00fcsselw\u00f6rter<\/span>
Karnivoren, Pathologie, Parasiten, bovine Tuberkulose, Wildtiere<\/p>","categories":["Tier\u00e4rztliche Wochenschrift","Abostufe BMTW","Fachartikel"],"fromDate":"Jan 14, 2017 11:00:00 PM","oldUrls":["http:\/\/vetline.de\/diseases-in-captive-and-reintroduced-eurasian-lynx-lynx-lynx-from-northwestern-germany\/150\/3130\/100048"],"doiLanguage":"englisch","doiProductFormat":"online","doiPublisher":"Schl\u00fctersche Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG","doiSerialWorkTitle":"Berliner und M\u00fcnchener Tier\u00e4rztliche Wochenschrift","doiDocumentUri":"http:\/\/www.vetline.de\/diseases-in-captive-and-reintroduced-eurasian-lynx-lynx-lynx-from-northwestern-germany\/150\/3130\/100048\/","doiSource":"Berliner und M\u00fcnchener Tier\u00e4rztliche Wochenschrift 130, Heft 1\/2 (2017), Seiten 72\u201377","doiissn":"0005-9366","doiNr":"10.2376\/0005-9366-15112","doiFirstPage":"72","doiLastPage":"77","doiTransmitted":true,"doiAuthor":"V\u00f6lker I, B\u00f6er M, Baumg\u00e4rtner W, Wohlsein P","pdf":{"path":"http:\/\/data\/BMW_2017_01_02_0072.pdf","title":"BMW_2017_01_02_0072.pdf","description":"Diseases in captive and reintroduced Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) from northwestern Germany"},"authors":[{"firstName":"I","middleName":"","lastName":"V\u00f6lker"},{"firstName":"M","middleName":"","lastName":"B\u00f6er"},{"firstName":"W","middleName":"","lastName":"Baumg\u00e4rtner"},{"firstName":"P","middleName":"","lastName":"Wohlsein"}],"contentOptimised":"

Summary<\/strong>
The necropsy cases of 15 Eurasian lynx from northwestern Germany examined between 2001 and 2011 were reviewed retrospectively. Eight animals originated from different zoos and seven belonged to a reintroduction project in the region of Harz. In all lynx different organ systems were affected simultaneously. The most frequent findings included cachectic or poor nutritional status (n = 8), intestinal endoparasitosis (n = 8), pulmonary lesions (n = 8), gastro-enteritis (n = 5), sarcoptic mange (n = 5), and traumatic injuries (n = 4). Three lynx suffered from bovine tuberculosis with varying organ involvements. In captive lynx the most frequent findings included pulmonary lesions, particularly pneumonia, followed by intestinal endoparasitosis. The pulmonary inflammations may be caused by infectious agents possibly due to a comparatively higher infection pressure in zoos. In contrast, cachexia, endo- and ectoparasitoses, and gastro-enteritis represented the predominant findings in free-ranged lynx. The cause of cachexia was most likely sarcoptic mange except in one animal that suffered from a chronic femoral fracture. Frequent concurrent disorders were gastro-enteritis and intestinal endoparasitosis. Even though the number of animals in both groups was low, the spectrum of the most frequent morphological findings in captive and free-ranging lynx differed influenced most likely by the different environmental conditions. <\/p>

Keywords:<\/strong>
carnivores, pathology, parasites, bovine tuberculosis, wildlife <\/p>

Zusammenfassung<\/strong>
Die Sektionsf\u00e4lle von 15 Eurasischen Luchsen aus Nordwest-Deutschland aus dem Zeitraum von 2001 bis 2011 wurden retrospektiv analysiert. Acht Tiere stammten aus verschiedenen Zoos und sieben kamen aus einem Wiederansiedelungsprojekt im Harz. Bei allen Luchsen waren verschiedene Organsysteme gleichzeitig betroffen. Die h\u00e4ufigsten Befunde umfassten Kachexie oder schlechten Ern\u00e4hrungszustand (n = 8), intestinale Endoparasitosen (n = 8), Lungenalterationen (n = 8), Gastroenteritis (n = 5), Sarkoptesr\u00e4ude (n = 5) und traumatisch bedingte Verletzungen (n = 4). Drei Luchse litten an boviner Tuberkulose mit unterschiedlicher Organbeteiligung. Die h\u00e4ufigsten Befunde bei in Zoos gehaltenen Luchsen waren pulmonale Ver\u00e4nderungen, insbesondere Pneumonien, und intestinale Endoparasitosen. Die pulmonalen Entz\u00fcndungen k\u00f6nnten durch Infektionserreger verursacht sein und sind m\u00f6glicherweise durch einen vergleichsweise h\u00f6heren Infektionsdruck in zoologischen Haltungen verursacht. Demgegen\u00fcber stellten Kachexie, Endo- und Ektoparasitosen sowie Gastroenteritiden die h\u00e4ufigsten Befunde bei wild lebenden Luchsen dar. Die Ursache der Kachexie bei wild lebenden Luchsen war wahrscheinlich die Sarkoptesr\u00e4ude, au\u00dfer bei einem Tier, das an einer chronischen Femurfraktur litt. Gleichzeitig fanden sich h\u00e4ufig Gastroenteritiden und intestinale Endoparasitosen. Auch wenn die Tierzahlen in beiden Gruppen klein waren, so lagen doch unterschiedliche Spektren der h\u00e4ufigsten morphologischen Ver\u00e4nderungen bei in Zoos gehaltenen und frei lebenden Luchsen vor, die wahrscheinlich auf den verschiedenen Umweltbedingungen beruhen. <\/p>

Schl\u00fcsselw\u00f6rter:<\/strong>
Karnivoren, Pathologie, Parasiten, bovine Tuberkulose, Wildtiere<\/p>","primaryLanguage":"englisch","summary":"The necropsy cases of 15 Eurasian lynx from northwestern Germany examined between 2001 and 2011 were reviewed retrospectively. Eight animals originated from different zoos and seven belonged to a reintroduction project in the region of Harz. In all lynx different organ systems were affected simultaneously. The most frequent findings included cachectic or poor nutritional status (n = 8), intestinal endoparasitosis (n = 8), pulmonary lesions (n = 8), gastro-enteritis (n = 5), sarcoptic mange (n = 5), and traumatic injuries (n = 4). Three lynx suffered from bovine tuberculosis with varying organ involvements. In captive lynx the most frequent findings included pulmonary lesions, particularly pneumonia, followed by intestinal endoparasitosis. The pulmonary inflammations may be caused by infectious agents possibly due to a comparatively higher infection pressure in zoos. In contrast, cachexia, endo- and ectoparasitoses, and gastro-enteritis represented the predominant findings in free-ranged lynx. The cause of cachexia was most likely sarcoptic mange except in one animal that suffered from a chronic femoral fracture. Frequent concurrent disorders were gastro-enteritis and intestinal endoparasitosis. Even though the number of animals in both groups was low, the spectrum of the most frequent morphological findings in captive and free-ranging lynx differed influenced most likely by the different environmental conditions. <\/p>

","keywords":["carnivores","pathology","parasites","bovine tuberculosis","wildlife"],"zusammenfassung":"Die Sektionsf\u00e4lle von 15 Eurasischen Luchsen aus Nordwest-Deutschland aus dem Zeitraum von 2001 bis 2011 wurden retrospektiv analysiert. Acht Tiere stammten aus verschiedenen Zoos und sieben kamen aus einem Wiederansiedelungsprojekt im Harz. Bei allen Luchsen waren verschiedene Organsysteme gleichzeitig betroffen. Die h\u00e4ufigsten Befunde umfassten Kachexie oder schlechten Ern\u00e4hrungszustand (n = 8), intestinale Endoparasitosen (n = 8), Lungenalterationen (n = 8), Gastroenteritis (n = 5), Sarkoptesr\u00e4ude (n = 5) und traumatisch bedingte Verletzungen (n = 4). Drei Luchse litten an boviner Tuberkulose mit unterschiedlicher Organbeteiligung. Die h\u00e4ufigsten Befunde bei in Zoos gehaltenen Luchsen waren pulmonale Ver\u00e4nderungen, insbesondere Pneumonien, und intestinale Endoparasitosen. Die pulmonalen Entz\u00fcndungen k\u00f6nnten durch Infektionserreger verursacht sein und sind m\u00f6glicherweise durch einen vergleichsweise h\u00f6heren Infektionsdruck in zoologischen Haltungen verursacht. Demgegen\u00fcber stellten Kachexie, Endo- und Ektoparasitosen sowie Gastroenteritiden die h\u00e4ufigsten Befunde bei wild lebenden Luchsen dar. Die Ursache der Kachexie bei wild lebenden Luchsen war wahrscheinlich die Sarkoptesr\u00e4ude, au\u00dfer bei einem Tier, das an einer chronischen Femurfraktur litt. Gleichzeitig fanden sich h\u00e4ufig Gastroenteritiden und intestinale Endoparasitosen. Auch wenn die Tierzahlen in beiden Gruppen klein waren, so lagen doch unterschiedliche Spektren der h\u00e4ufigsten morphologischen Ver\u00e4nderungen bei in Zoos gehaltenen und frei lebenden Luchsen vor, die wahrscheinlich auf den verschiedenen Umweltbedingungen beruhen. <\/p>

","schluesselwoerter":["Karnivoren","Pathologie","Parasiten","bovine Tuberkulose","Wildtiere"],"translatedTitle":"Erkrankungen von in menschlicher Obhut gehaltenen und ausgewilderten Eurasischen Luchsen (Lynx lynx) aus Nordwest-Deutschland","abstractE":"The necropsy cases of 15 Eurasian lynx from northwestern Germany examined between 2001 and 2011 were reviewed retrospectively. Eight animals originated from different zoos and seven belonged to a reintroduction project in the region of Harz. In all lynx different organ systems were affected simultaneously. The most frequent findings included cachectic or poor nutritional status (n = 8), intestinal endoparasitosis (n = 8), pulmonary lesions (n = 8), gastro-enteritis (n = 5), sarcoptic mange (n = 5), and traumatic injuries (n = 4). Three lynx suffered from bovine tuberculosis with varying organ involvements. In captive lynx the most frequent findings included pulmonary lesions, particularly pneumonia, followed by intestinal endoparasitosis. The pulmonary inflammations may be caused by infectious agents possibly due to a comparatively higher infection pressure in zoos. In contrast, cachexia, endo- and ectoparasitoses, and gastro-enteritis represented the predominant findings in free-ranged lynx. The cause of cachexia was most likely sarcoptic mange except in one animal that suffered from a chronic femoral fracture. Frequent concurrent disorders were gastro-enteritis and intestinal endoparasitosis. Even though the number of animals in both groups was low, the spectrum of the most frequent morphological findings in captive and free-ranging lynx differed influenced most likely by the different environmental conditions. ","date":{"year":2017,"date":"01\/2017","accepted":"2017-01-14"},"volume":"130","openAccess":false,"journal":"Berliner und M\u00fcnchener Tier\u00e4rztliche Wochenschrift","titleImageId":944,"pages":"72-77","redirects":["diseases-in-captive-and-reintroduced-eurasian-lynx-lynx-lynx-from-northwestern-germany\/150\/3130\/100048"],"tierartCategories":[],"artikelartCategories":["Tier\u00e4rztliche Wochenschrift","Abostufe BMTW","Fachartikel"]} CY - Hannover DA - 01/2017 DO - 10.2376/0005-9366-15112 ET - 1/2 LA - English N2 - The necropsy cases of 15 Eurasian lynx from northwestern Germany examined between 2001 and 2011 were reviewed retrospectively. Eight animals originated from different zoos and seven belonged to a reintroduction project in the region of Harz. In all lynx different organ systems were affected simultaneously. The most frequent findings included cachectic or poor nutritional status (n = 8), intestinal endoparasitosis (n = 8), pulmonary lesions (n = 8), gastro-enteritis (n = 5), sarcoptic mange (n = 5), and traumatic injuries (n = 4). Three lynx suffered from bovine tuberculosis with varying organ involvements. In captive lynx the most frequent findings included pulmonary lesions, particularly pneumonia, followed by intestinal endoparasitosis. The pulmonary inflammations may be caused by infectious agents possibly due to a comparatively higher infection pressure in zoos. In contrast, cachexia, endo- and ectoparasitoses, and gastro-enteritis represented the predominant findings in free-ranged lynx. The cause of cachexia was most likely sarcoptic mange except in one animal that suffered from a chronic femoral fracture. Frequent concurrent disorders were gastro-enteritis and intestinal endoparasitosis. Even though the number of animals in both groups was low, the spectrum of the most frequent morphological findings in captive and free-ranging lynx differed influenced most likely by the different environmental conditions. PB - Schlütersche Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG PP - Hannover PY - 2017 SP - 72 EP - 77 T1 - Diseases in captive and reintroduced Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) from northwestern Germany T2 - Berliner und Münchener Tierärztliche Wochenschrift TI - Diseases in captive and reintroduced Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) from northwestern Germany TT - Erkrankungen von in menschlicher Obhut gehaltenen und ausgewilderten Eurasischen Luchsen (Lynx lynx) aus Nordwest-Deutschland VL - 130 SN - 0005-9366 ER -