TY - JOUR KW - farm animals KW - vaccine safety KW - vaccine efficacy KW - application route AU - B Makoschey AB - A number of different vaccination techniques are applied in farm animals. The intramuscular, subcutaneous and intradermal injection of vaccines are parenteral application methods that are currently used for different attenuated and inactivated vaccines. The injection may be performed by needle or pressure. Depending on the method of application, the mucosal immunization can be performed intraocular, intranasal and/or oral. In general, the vaccine follows the natural route of infection of the respective pathogen. Attenuated vaccines usually replicate in the primary target organs. Mucosal application of attenuated vaccines via drinking water or spray are routinely applied in poultry. Both techniques offer advantages for mass application. The administration route and the method of vaccination have a great influence on the efficacy and safety of a vaccine. The instructions of the manufacturers must therefore be strictly respected. Unfortunately, there is no ideal administration method applicable for any vaccine in all species. BT - Berliner und Münchener Tierärztliche Wochenschrift C1 - {"oldId":91406,"title":"Modes of vaccine administration at a glance","topline":"BMTW Themenheft Impfstrategien & Immunmodulation","teaserText":"Applikationsarten f\u00fcr Impfstoffe im Vergleich","content":"

Summary:<\/span><\/p>

A number of different vaccination techniques are applied in farm animals. The intramuscular, subcutaneous and intradermal injection of vaccines are parenteral application methods that are currently used for different attenuated and inactivated vaccines. The injection may be performed by needle or pressure. Depending on the method of application, the mucosal immunization can be performed intraocular, intranasal and\/or oral. In general, the vaccine follows the natural route of infection of the respective pathogen. Attenuated vaccines usually replicate in the primary target organs. Mucosal application of attenuated vaccines via drinking water or spray are routinely applied in poultry. Both techniques offer advantages for mass application. The administration route and the method of vaccination have a great influence on the efficacy and safety of a vaccine. The instructions of the manufacturers must therefore be strictly respected. Unfortunately, there is no ideal administration method applicable for any vaccine in all species.<\/p>

Keywords:<\/span> farm animals, vaccine safety, vaccine efficacy, application route<\/p>

Zusammenfassung: <\/span><\/p>

In der Nutztiermedizin wird eine Vielzahl von verschiedenen Impftechniken angewendet. Die intramuskul\u00e4re, subkutane und intradermale Impfstoffinjektion sind parenterale Applikationsarten, die f\u00fcr verschiedene attenuierte und inaktivierte Impfstoffe angewendet werden. Die Vakzine wird dabei mittels Nadel oder durch Druck entsprechend tief in das Gewebe eingebracht. Je nach Applikationsmethode kann eine mukosale Immunisierung intraokul\u00e4r, intranasal und\/oder oral verabreicht werden. Damit folgt die Impfung im Allgemeinen der nat\u00fcrlichen Infektionsroute des entsprechenden Erregers. Attenuierte Vakzinen replizieren dann im Allgemeinen in den prim\u00e4ren Zielorganen. In der Gefl\u00fcgelhaltung wird die mukosale Immunisierung \u00fcber das Trinkwasser oder mittels Spray zur Impfung gro\u00dfer Tierzahlen eingesetzt. Die Applikationsart und die Impfmethode haben einen gro\u00dfen Einfluss auf die Wirksamkeit und Unsch\u00e4dlichkeit eines Impfstoffes. Die diesbez\u00fcglichen Angaben der Hersteller sollten daher unbedingt ber\u00fccksichtigt werden. Leider gibt es keine ideale Applikationsmethode die f\u00fcr jeden Impfstoff und alle Tierarten geeignet ist.<\/p>

Schl\u00fcsselw\u00f6rter:<\/span> Nutztiere, Unsch\u00e4dlichkeit, Wirksamkeit, Applikationsart<\/p>","categories":["Open Access","Abostufe frei"],"fromDate":"Nov 5, 2015 10:07:32 AM","oldUrls":["http:\/\/vetline.de\/modes-of-vaccine-administration-at-a-glance\/150\/3216\/91406"],"doiLanguage":"englisch","doiProductFormat":"online","doiPublisher":"Schl\u00fctersche Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG","doiSerialWorkTitle":"Berl M\u00fcnch Tier\u00e4rztl Wochenschr","doiDocumentUri":"http:\/\/cf01.vetline.schluetersche.de\/files\/smfiledata\/5\/2\/2\/6\/6\/0\/BMW_2015_11_12_0451_onl300.pdf","doiSource":"Berl M\u00fcnch Tier\u00e4rztl Wochenschr 128, 451\u2013455","doiissn":"0005-9366","doiNr":"10.2376\/0005-9366-128-451","doiFirstPage":"451","doiLastPage":"455","doiTransmitted":true,"doiAuthor":"Makoschey B","pdf":{"path":"http:\/\/data\/BMW_2015_11_12_0451_onl300.pdf","title":"OA Makoschey Modes of vaccine administration at a glance","description":""},"authors":[{"firstName":"B","middleName":"","lastName":"Makoschey"}],"contentOptimised":"

Summary<\/strong><\/p>

A number of different vaccination techniques are applied in farm animals. The intramuscular, subcutaneous and intradermal injection of vaccines are parenteral application methods that are currently used for different attenuated and inactivated vaccines. The injection may be performed by needle or pressure. Depending on the method of application, the mucosal immunization can be performed intraocular, intranasal and\/or oral. In general, the vaccine follows the natural route of infection of the respective pathogen. Attenuated vaccines usually replicate in the primary target organs. Mucosal application of attenuated vaccines via drinking water or spray are routinely applied in poultry. Both techniques offer advantages for mass application. The administration route and the method of vaccination have a great influence on the efficacy and safety of a vaccine. The instructions of the manufacturers must therefore be strictly respected. Unfortunately, there is no ideal administration method applicable for any vaccine in all species.<\/p>

Keywords:<\/strong> farm animals, vaccine safety, vaccine efficacy, application route<\/p>

Zusammenfassung<\/strong><\/p>

In der Nutztiermedizin wird eine Vielzahl von verschiedenen Impftechniken angewendet. Die intramuskul\u00e4re, subkutane und intradermale Impfstoffinjektion sind parenterale Applikationsarten, die f\u00fcr verschiedene attenuierte und inaktivierte Impfstoffe angewendet werden. Die Vakzine wird dabei mittels Nadel oder durch Druck entsprechend tief in das Gewebe eingebracht. Je nach Applikationsmethode kann eine mukosale Immunisierung intraokul\u00e4r, intranasal und\/oder oral verabreicht werden. Damit folgt die Impfung im Allgemeinen der nat\u00fcrlichen Infektionsroute des entsprechenden Erregers. Attenuierte Vakzinen replizieren dann im Allgemeinen in den prim\u00e4ren Zielorganen. In der Gefl\u00fcgelhaltung wird die mukosale Immunisierung \u00fcber das Trinkwasser oder mittels Spray zur Impfung gro\u00dfer Tierzahlen eingesetzt. Die Applikationsart und die Impfmethode haben einen gro\u00dfen Einfluss auf die Wirksamkeit und Unsch\u00e4dlichkeit eines Impfstoffes. Die diesbez\u00fcglichen Angaben der Hersteller sollten daher unbedingt ber\u00fccksichtigt werden. Leider gibt es keine ideale Applikationsmethode die f\u00fcr jeden Impfstoff und alle Tierarten geeignet ist.<\/p>

Schl\u00fcsselw\u00f6rter:<\/strong> Nutztiere, Unsch\u00e4dlichkeit, Wirksamkeit, Applikationsart<\/p>","primaryLanguage":"englisch","summary":"<\/p>

A number of different vaccination techniques are applied in farm animals. The intramuscular, subcutaneous and intradermal injection of vaccines are parenteral application methods that are currently used for different attenuated and inactivated vaccines. The injection may be performed by needle or pressure. Depending on the method of application, the mucosal immunization can be performed intraocular, intranasal and\/or oral. In general, the vaccine follows the natural route of infection of the respective pathogen. Attenuated vaccines usually replicate in the primary target organs. Mucosal application of attenuated vaccines via drinking water or spray are routinely applied in poultry. Both techniques offer advantages for mass application. The administration route and the method of vaccination have a great influence on the efficacy and safety of a vaccine. The instructions of the manufacturers must therefore be strictly respected. Unfortunately, there is no ideal administration method applicable for any vaccine in all species.<\/p>

","keywords":["farm animals","vaccine safety","vaccine efficacy","application route"],"zusammenfassung":"<\/p>

In der Nutztiermedizin wird eine Vielzahl von verschiedenen Impftechniken angewendet. Die intramuskul\u00e4re, subkutane und intradermale Impfstoffinjektion sind parenterale Applikationsarten, die f\u00fcr verschiedene attenuierte und inaktivierte Impfstoffe angewendet werden. Die Vakzine wird dabei mittels Nadel oder durch Druck entsprechend tief in das Gewebe eingebracht. Je nach Applikationsmethode kann eine mukosale Immunisierung intraokul\u00e4r, intranasal und\/oder oral verabreicht werden. Damit folgt die Impfung im Allgemeinen der nat\u00fcrlichen Infektionsroute des entsprechenden Erregers. Attenuierte Vakzinen replizieren dann im Allgemeinen in den prim\u00e4ren Zielorganen. In der Gefl\u00fcgelhaltung wird die mukosale Immunisierung \u00fcber das Trinkwasser oder mittels Spray zur Impfung gro\u00dfer Tierzahlen eingesetzt. Die Applikationsart und die Impfmethode haben einen gro\u00dfen Einfluss auf die Wirksamkeit und Unsch\u00e4dlichkeit eines Impfstoffes. Die diesbez\u00fcglichen Angaben der Hersteller sollten daher unbedingt ber\u00fccksichtigt werden. Leider gibt es keine ideale Applikationsmethode die f\u00fcr jeden Impfstoff und alle Tierarten geeignet ist.<\/p>

","schluesselwoerter":["Nutztiere","Unsch\u00e4dlichkeit","Wirksamkeit","Applikationsart"],"translatedTitle":"Applikationsarten f\u00fcr Impfstoffe im Vergleich","abstractE":"A number of different vaccination techniques are applied in farm animals. The intramuscular, subcutaneous and intradermal injection of vaccines are parenteral application methods that are currently used for different attenuated and inactivated vaccines. The injection may be performed by needle or pressure. Depending on the method of application, the mucosal immunization can be performed intraocular, intranasal and\/or oral. In general, the vaccine follows the natural route of infection of the respective pathogen. Attenuated vaccines usually replicate in the primary target organs. Mucosal application of attenuated vaccines via drinking water or spray are routinely applied in poultry. Both techniques offer advantages for mass application. The administration route and the method of vaccination have a great influence on the efficacy and safety of a vaccine. The instructions of the manufacturers must therefore be strictly respected. Unfortunately, there is no ideal administration method applicable for any vaccine in all species.","date":{"year":2015,"date":"11\/2015","accepted":"2015-11-05"},"volume":"128","openAccess":true,"journal":"Berliner und M\u00fcnchener Tier\u00e4rztliche Wochenschrift","titleImageId":944,"pages":"451-455","redirects":["modes-of-vaccine-administration-at-a-glance\/150\/3216\/91406"],"tierartCategories":[],"artikelartCategories":["Open Access","Abostufe frei"]} CY - Hannover DA - 11/2015 DO - 10.2376/0005-9366-128-451 LA - English N2 - A number of different vaccination techniques are applied in farm animals. The intramuscular, subcutaneous and intradermal injection of vaccines are parenteral application methods that are currently used for different attenuated and inactivated vaccines. The injection may be performed by needle or pressure. Depending on the method of application, the mucosal immunization can be performed intraocular, intranasal and/or oral. In general, the vaccine follows the natural route of infection of the respective pathogen. Attenuated vaccines usually replicate in the primary target organs. Mucosal application of attenuated vaccines via drinking water or spray are routinely applied in poultry. Both techniques offer advantages for mass application. The administration route and the method of vaccination have a great influence on the efficacy and safety of a vaccine. The instructions of the manufacturers must therefore be strictly respected. Unfortunately, there is no ideal administration method applicable for any vaccine in all species. PB - Schlütersche Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG PP - Hannover PY - 2015 SP - 451 EP - 455 T1 - Modes of vaccine administration at a glance T2 - Berliner und Münchener Tierärztliche Wochenschrift TI - Modes of vaccine administration at a glance TT - Applikationsarten für Impfstoffe im Vergleich VL - 128 SN - 0005-9366 ER -