TY - JOUR KW - Q fever KW - Coxiella burnetii KW - goat KW - vaccination KW - quantitative Real-Time PCR KW - serology AU - R Sting AU - K Molz AU - C Benesch AB - This is a case report about a Q fever infection of a goat herd with abortions and excretions of pathogens accompanied by human infection and disease. Following a diagnosis of Q fever in a goat herd, all animals were vaccinated with an inactivated phase 1 vaccine. The herd was kept isolated and animals were neither removed nor introduced so that monitoring of the course of the Q fever infection of the individual dam was possible. Over a period of two years following the diagnosis of a Q fever infection (abortion), diagnostic investigations on detection of Coxiella (C.) burnetii were performed using quantitative Real-Time PCR (qPCR) and for serological studies complement fixation test (CFT) and ELISA. Excretion of pathogens decreased from gt; 500 000 units per genital swab in the first year to lt; 50 units in the second year after the initial diagnosis. Serological studies of the dams using CFT revealed a dominance of phase 2 antibodies with a proportion of 35.4% (17/48) positive animals in 2006. This level decreased to a value of 2.3% (2/87) two years later. The mixed phase 1 and 2 ELISA initially yielded 20.8% (10/48) positive dams with an increase to 98.9% (86/87) two years later. The control measures which were implemented after a round table meeting are illustrated and discussed. BT - Berliner und Münchener Tierärztliche Wochenschrift C1 - {"oldId":73990,"title":"Q fever outbreak in a goat herd \u2013 diagnostic investigations and measures for control","topline":"","teaserText":"Q-Fieberausbruch in einer Ziegenherde\u2013 Diagnostik und Bek\u00e4mpfungsma\u00dfnahmen","content":"

Summary:<\/span>
This is a case report about a Q fever infection of a goat herd with abortions and excretions of pathogens accompanied by human infection and disease. Following a diagnosis of Q fever in a goat herd, all animals were vaccinated with an inactivated phase 1 vaccine. The herd was kept isolated and animals were neither removed nor introduced so that monitoring of the course of the Q fever infection of the individual dam was possible. Over a period of two years following the diagnosis of a Q fever infection (abortion), diagnostic investigations on detection of Coxiella (C.) burnetii were performed using quantitative Real-Time PCR (qPCR) and for serological studies complement fixation test (CFT) and ELISA. Excretion of pathogens decreased from gt; 500 000 units per genital swab in the first year to lt; 50 units in the second year after the initial diagnosis. Serological studies of the dams using CFT revealed a dominance of phase 2 antibodies with a proportion of 35.4% (17\/48) positive animals in 2006. This level decreased to a value of 2.3% (2\/87) two years later. The mixed phase 1 and 2 ELISA initially yielded 20.8% (10\/48) positive dams with an increase to 98.9% (86\/87) two years later.
The control measures which were implemented after a round table meeting are illustrated and discussed.

Keywords: <\/span>
Q fever, Coxiella burnetii, goat, vaccination, quantitative Real-Time PCR, serology

Zusammenfassung:<\/span>
Dies ist ein Fallbericht einer Q-Fieberinfektion in einer Ziegenherde mit Aborten und Erregerausscheidungen begleitet von Infektionen und Erkrankungen
bei Personen. Folgend auf die Diagnose Q-Fieber in einer Ziegenherde wurden alle Tiere mit einem inaktivierten Phase-1-Impfstoff geimpft. Die Herde wurde isoliert gehalten und es wurden weder Tiere aus der Herde entfernt noch in die Herde aufgenommen, sodass der Verlauf der Q-Fieberinfektionen der einzelnen Muttertiere \u00fcberwacht werden konnte. \u00dcber einen Zeitraum von zwei Jahren nach der Feststellung einer Q-Fieberinfektion (Abort) wurden Untersuchungen zum Nachweis von Coxiella (C.) burnetii mittels quantitativer Real-Time PCR (qPCR) sowie serologische Untersuchungen mittels Komplementbindungsreaktion (KBR) und ELISA durchgef\u00fchrt. Die Ausscheidung von C. burnetii nahm von gt; 500 000 Erregereinheiten pro Genitaltupfer im ersten Jahr auf lt; 50 Erregereinheiten im zweiten Jahr nach dem Q-Fieberausbruch ab. Serologische Untersuchungen mittels KBR wiesen mit einem Anteil von 35,4 % (17\/48) positiver Muttertiere eine Dominanz von Phase-2-Antik\u00f6rpern im Jahr 2006 nach. Dieser Anteil fiel nach zwei Jahren auf 2,3 % (2\/87) ab. Der gemischte Phase-1- und Phase-2-ELISA erzielte anfangs einen Anteil von 20,8 % (10\/48) positiver Muttertiere, der zwei Jahre sp\u00e4ter auf 98,9 % (86\/87) anstieg.
Die nach einem Runden-Tisch-Gespr\u00e4ch beschlossenen Kontroll- und Bek\u00e4mpfungsma\u00dfnahmen werden dargestellt und diskutiert.

Schl\u00fcsselw\u00f6rter:<\/span>
Q-Fieber, Coxiella burnetii, Ziege, Impfung, quantitative Real-Time PCR, Serologie <\/p>","categories":["Tier\u00e4rztliche Wochenschrift","Abostufe BMTW","Fachartikel"],"fromDate":"Nov 9, 2013 11:00:00 PM","oldUrls":["http:\/\/vetline.de\/q-fever-outbreak-in-a-goat-herd-diagnostic-investigations-and-measures-for-control\/150\/3130\/73990"],"doiLanguage":"englisch","doiProductFormat":"online","doiPublisher":"Schl\u00fctersche Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG","doiSerialWorkTitle":"Berliner und Mu\u0308nchener Tiera\u0308rztliche Wochenschrift","doiDocumentUri":"http:\/\/cf01.vetline.schluetersche.de\/q-fever-outbreak-in-a-goat-herd-diagnostic-investigations-and-measures-for-control\/150\/3130\/73990\/","doiSource":"Berl Mu\u0308nch Tiera\u0308rztl Wochenschr 126, 394\u2013400","doiissn":"0005-9366","doiNr":"10.2376\/0005-9366-126-394","doiFirstPage":"394","doiLastPage":"400","doiTransmitted":true,"doiAuthor":"Sting R, Molz K, Benesch C","pdf":{"path":"http:\/\/data\/BMTW_2013_09_10_0394_ges72.pdf","title":"bmtw_2013_09_00394.pdf","description":"Q fever outbreak in a goat herd\r\n\u2013 diagnostic investigations and measures for control"},"authors":[{"firstName":"R","middleName":"","lastName":"Sting"},{"firstName":"K","middleName":"","lastName":"Molz"},{"firstName":"C","middleName":"","lastName":"Benesch"}],"contentOptimised":"

Summary<\/strong>
This is a case report about a Q fever infection of a goat herd with abortions and excretions of pathogens accompanied by human infection and disease. Following a diagnosis of Q fever in a goat herd, all animals were vaccinated with an inactivated phase 1 vaccine. The herd was kept isolated and animals were neither removed nor introduced so that monitoring of the course of the Q fever infection of the individual dam was possible. Over a period of two years following the diagnosis of a Q fever infection (abortion), diagnostic investigations on detection of Coxiella (C.) burnetii were performed using quantitative Real-Time PCR (qPCR) and for serological studies complement fixation test (CFT) and ELISA. Excretion of pathogens decreased from gt; 500 000 units per genital swab in the first year to lt; 50 units in the second year after the initial diagnosis. Serological studies of the dams using CFT revealed a dominance of phase 2 antibodies with a proportion of 35.4% (17\/48) positive animals in 2006. This level decreased to a value of 2.3% (2\/87) two years later. The mixed phase 1 and 2 ELISA initially yielded 20.8% (10\/48) positive dams with an increase to 98.9% (86\/87) two years later.
The control measures which were implemented after a round table meeting are illustrated and discussed.

Keywords:<\/strong>
Q fever, Coxiella burnetii, goat, vaccination, quantitative Real-Time PCR, serology

Zusammenfassung<\/strong>
Dies ist ein Fallbericht einer Q-Fieberinfektion in einer Ziegenherde mit Aborten und Erregerausscheidungen begleitet von Infektionen und Erkrankungen
bei Personen. Folgend auf die Diagnose Q-Fieber in einer Ziegenherde wurden alle Tiere mit einem inaktivierten Phase-1-Impfstoff geimpft. Die Herde wurde isoliert gehalten und es wurden weder Tiere aus der Herde entfernt noch in die Herde aufgenommen, sodass der Verlauf der Q-Fieberinfektionen der einzelnen Muttertiere \u00fcberwacht werden konnte. \u00dcber einen Zeitraum von zwei Jahren nach der Feststellung einer Q-Fieberinfektion (Abort) wurden Untersuchungen zum Nachweis von Coxiella (C.) burnetii mittels quantitativer Real-Time PCR (qPCR) sowie serologische Untersuchungen mittels Komplementbindungsreaktion (KBR) und ELISA durchgef\u00fchrt. Die Ausscheidung von C. burnetii nahm von gt; 500 000 Erregereinheiten pro Genitaltupfer im ersten Jahr auf lt; 50 Erregereinheiten im zweiten Jahr nach dem Q-Fieberausbruch ab. Serologische Untersuchungen mittels KBR wiesen mit einem Anteil von 35,4 % (17\/48) positiver Muttertiere eine Dominanz von Phase-2-Antik\u00f6rpern im Jahr 2006 nach. Dieser Anteil fiel nach zwei Jahren auf 2,3 % (2\/87) ab. Der gemischte Phase-1- und Phase-2-ELISA erzielte anfangs einen Anteil von 20,8 % (10\/48) positiver Muttertiere, der zwei Jahre sp\u00e4ter auf 98,9 % (86\/87) anstieg.
Die nach einem Runden-Tisch-Gespr\u00e4ch beschlossenen Kontroll- und Bek\u00e4mpfungsma\u00dfnahmen werden dargestellt und diskutiert.

Schl\u00fcsselw\u00f6rter:<\/strong>
Q-Fieber, Coxiella burnetii, Ziege, Impfung, quantitative Real-Time PCR, Serologie <\/p>","primaryLanguage":"englisch","summary":"This is a case report about a Q fever infection of a goat herd with abortions and excretions of pathogens accompanied by human infection and disease. Following a diagnosis of Q fever in a goat herd, all animals were vaccinated with an inactivated phase 1 vaccine. The herd was kept isolated and animals were neither removed nor introduced so that monitoring of the course of the Q fever infection of the individual dam was possible. Over a period of two years following the diagnosis of a Q fever infection (abortion), diagnostic investigations on detection of Coxiella (C.) burnetii were performed using quantitative Real-Time PCR (qPCR) and for serological studies complement fixation test (CFT) and ELISA. Excretion of pathogens decreased from gt; 500 000 units per genital swab in the first year to lt; 50 units in the second year after the initial diagnosis. Serological studies of the dams using CFT revealed a dominance of phase 2 antibodies with a proportion of 35.4% (17\/48) positive animals in 2006. This level decreased to a value of 2.3% (2\/87) two years later. The mixed phase 1 and 2 ELISA initially yielded 20.8% (10\/48) positive dams with an increase to 98.9% (86\/87) two years later.
The control measures which were implemented after a round table meeting are illustrated and discussed.","keywords":["Q fever","Coxiella burnetii","goat","vaccination","quantitative Real-Time PCR","serology"],"zusammenfassung":"Dies ist ein Fallbericht einer Q-Fieberinfektion in einer Ziegenherde mit Aborten und Erregerausscheidungen begleitet von Infektionen und Erkrankungen
bei Personen. Folgend auf die Diagnose Q-Fieber in einer Ziegenherde wurden alle Tiere mit einem inaktivierten Phase-1-Impfstoff geimpft. Die Herde wurde isoliert gehalten und es wurden weder Tiere aus der Herde entfernt noch in die Herde aufgenommen, sodass der Verlauf der Q-Fieberinfektionen der einzelnen Muttertiere \u00fcberwacht werden konnte. \u00dcber einen Zeitraum von zwei Jahren nach der Feststellung einer Q-Fieberinfektion (Abort) wurden Untersuchungen zum Nachweis von Coxiella (C.) burnetii mittels quantitativer Real-Time PCR (qPCR) sowie serologische Untersuchungen mittels Komplementbindungsreaktion (KBR) und ELISA durchgef\u00fchrt. Die Ausscheidung von C. burnetii nahm von gt; 500 000 Erregereinheiten pro Genitaltupfer im ersten Jahr auf lt; 50 Erregereinheiten im zweiten Jahr nach dem Q-Fieberausbruch ab. Serologische Untersuchungen mittels KBR wiesen mit einem Anteil von 35,4 % (17\/48) positiver Muttertiere eine Dominanz von Phase-2-Antik\u00f6rpern im Jahr 2006 nach. Dieser Anteil fiel nach zwei Jahren auf 2,3 % (2\/87) ab. Der gemischte Phase-1- und Phase-2-ELISA erzielte anfangs einen Anteil von 20,8 % (10\/48) positiver Muttertiere, der zwei Jahre sp\u00e4ter auf 98,9 % (86\/87) anstieg.
Die nach einem Runden-Tisch-Gespr\u00e4ch beschlossenen Kontroll- und Bek\u00e4mpfungsma\u00dfnahmen werden dargestellt und diskutiert.","schluesselwoerter":["Q-Fieber","Coxiella burnetii","Ziege","Impfung","quantitative Real-Time PCR","Serologie"],"translatedTitle":"Q-Fieberausbruch in einer Ziegenherde\u2013 Diagnostik und Bek\u00e4mpfungsma\u00dfnahmen","abstractE":"This is a case report about a Q fever infection of a goat herd with abortions and excretions of pathogens accompanied by human infection and disease. Following a diagnosis of Q fever in a goat herd, all animals were vaccinated with an inactivated phase 1 vaccine. The herd was kept isolated and animals were neither removed nor introduced so that monitoring of the course of the Q fever infection of the individual dam was possible. Over a period of two years following the diagnosis of a Q fever infection (abortion), diagnostic investigations on detection of Coxiella (C.) burnetii were performed using quantitative Real-Time PCR (qPCR) and for serological studies complement fixation test (CFT) and ELISA. Excretion of pathogens decreased from gt; 500 000 units per genital swab in the first year to lt; 50 units in the second year after the initial diagnosis. Serological studies of the dams using CFT revealed a dominance of phase 2 antibodies with a proportion of 35.4% (17\/48) positive animals in 2006. This level decreased to a value of 2.3% (2\/87) two years later. The mixed phase 1 and 2 ELISA initially yielded 20.8% (10\/48) positive dams with an increase to 98.9% (86\/87) two years later. The control measures which were implemented after a round table meeting are illustrated and discussed.","date":{"year":2013,"date":"11\/2013","accepted":"2013-11-09"},"volume":"126","openAccess":false,"journal":"Berliner und M\u00fcnchener Tier\u00e4rztliche Wochenschrift","titleImageId":944,"pages":"394-400","redirects":["q-fever-outbreak-in-a-goat-herd-diagnostic-investigations-and-measures-for-control\/150\/3130\/73990"],"tierartCategories":[],"artikelartCategories":["Tier\u00e4rztliche Wochenschrift","Abostufe BMTW","Fachartikel"]} CY - Hannover DA - 11/2013 DO - 10.2376/0005-9366-126-394 LA - English N2 - This is a case report about a Q fever infection of a goat herd with abortions and excretions of pathogens accompanied by human infection and disease. Following a diagnosis of Q fever in a goat herd, all animals were vaccinated with an inactivated phase 1 vaccine. The herd was kept isolated and animals were neither removed nor introduced so that monitoring of the course of the Q fever infection of the individual dam was possible. Over a period of two years following the diagnosis of a Q fever infection (abortion), diagnostic investigations on detection of Coxiella (C.) burnetii were performed using quantitative Real-Time PCR (qPCR) and for serological studies complement fixation test (CFT) and ELISA. Excretion of pathogens decreased from gt; 500 000 units per genital swab in the first year to lt; 50 units in the second year after the initial diagnosis. Serological studies of the dams using CFT revealed a dominance of phase 2 antibodies with a proportion of 35.4% (17/48) positive animals in 2006. This level decreased to a value of 2.3% (2/87) two years later. The mixed phase 1 and 2 ELISA initially yielded 20.8% (10/48) positive dams with an increase to 98.9% (86/87) two years later. The control measures which were implemented after a round table meeting are illustrated and discussed. PB - Schlütersche Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG PP - Hannover PY - 2013 SP - 394 EP - 400 T1 - Q fever outbreak in a goat herd – diagnostic investigations and measures for control T2 - Berliner und Münchener Tierärztliche Wochenschrift TI - Q fever outbreak in a goat herd – diagnostic investigations and measures for control TT - Q-Fieberausbruch in einer Ziegenherde– Diagnostik und Bekämpfungsmaßnahmen VL - 126 SN - 0005-9366 ER -