02329nas a2200205   4500000000100000000000100001008004100002260007000043100001300113700001600126700001300142700001400155700001300169700001700182245011100199300001200310490000800322520177900330022001402109       2008                            d  c11/2008bSchlütersche Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KGaHannover1 aA Goudah1 aS Sher Shah1 aH-C Shin1 aB-J Chang1 aJ-H Shim1 aA Abd El-Aty00aConcentration-time courses of pefloxacin in plasma and milk of lactating she-camels  (Camelus dromedarius)  a432-4390 v1213 aUsing the microbial inhibition test, the single-dose pharmacokinetics ofpefloxacin mesylate dehydrate were studied in six clinically normal lactatingshe-camels (Camelus dromedarius) after intravenous (IV) and intramuscular (IM)administration of 10 mg/kg body weight (bwt). Blood and milk samples werecollected intermittently for a 48 h period, and the pharmacokinetic variableswere calculated using compartmental and non-compartmental analyticalmethods. The plasma course of pefloxacin was best resolved to a two-compartmentopen model after IV administration and a two-compartment open modelwith first-order absorption after IM administration. Pefloxacin exhibits a longelimination-phase disposition half-life (t1/2N) of 4.89 ± 1.12 h after IV injectionand 5.73 ± 1.42 h after IM administration. The mean volume of distribution atsteady state (Vdss) and total body clearance (Cltot) values after IV dosing were1.18 ± 0.45 l/kgand 0.21 ± 0.10 l/kg/h, respectively. The observed peak plasmalevel (Cmax) of 3.6 ± 0.1  amp;#956;g/ml was rapidly attained at 0.75 h (the time of maximumconcentration Tmax) after IM administration. The areas under the concentrationversus time curves (AUCs) were 44.18 ± 9.68  amp;#956;g.h/ml and 29.42 ± 6.49  amp;#956;g.h/ml after IV and IM administration, respectively. The absolute bioavailability (F%)obtained after IM administration was 71.59 ± 12.45%. Milk was penetrated quickly,with a mean peak level of 3.24 ± 0.17  amp;#956;g/ml occurring at 1.0 h. The eliminationhalf-life was significantly shorter after IV versus IM administration (4.21 ± 0.84 hversus 5.32 ± 0.67 h, respectively). Ultimately, pefloxacin could be useful for treatmentof udder infections in she-camels after specific assessment of susceptiblemicroorganisms.  a0005-9366