@article{1976,
  author = {P Almanjd and G Bilkei},
  title = {Evaluation of pyelonephritis in culled indoor and outdoor high parity sows},
  abstract = {The present trial was conducted in Hungary in neighboring large indoor andoutdoor pig production units, belonging to the same breeding company.Rejected kidneys from 01 (out of 41; 83.4 %) outdoor, and 191 (out of 51 ,37.3 %) indoor high parity sows, with previous history of recidiving postparturientfever and excessive postparturient vulvovaginal discharge were gross pathologicallybacteriologically, and histologically evaluated. All rejected kidneys revealedchronic pyelonephritis.In outdoor sows Escherichia (E.) coli and Actinobaculum (A.) suis were culturedfrom all kidneys. Besides E. coli and A. suis, Clostridium spp., Arcanobacteriumpyogenes, gram-positive streptococci (enterococci, Streptococcus faecalis), staphylococci(Staphylococcus (S.) albus, S. epidermis, S. aureus), Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae,and Klebsiella spp. were concurrently found in 131 (64.7 %) kidneys; Pseudomonasaeruginosa, Citrobacter, Pasteurella multocida, Proteus spp. were concurrently foundbeside E. coli and A. suis in 71 (35.3 %) kidneys.In indoor sows E. coli and A. suis were cultured from all kidneys as well. Pseudomonasaeruginosa, Citrobacter, Pasteurella multocida, Proteus spp. were found besideE. coli and A. suis in 1 (11 %) kidneys. However only 6 sows (3.1 %) revealed theconcurrent presence of Clostridium spp., Arcanobacterium pyogenes, gram-positivestreptococci (enterococci, Streptococcus faecalis), staphylococci(S. albus, S. epidermis, S. aureus), Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, and Klebsiella spp.Implications: in Eastern European climate, more high parity outdoor sows withrecidiving postparturient fever and vulvovaginal discharge have pyelonephritisand higher diversity of pathogenic bacteria in the renal pelvis compared withindoor sows.},
  year = {2008},
  journal = {Berliner und Münchener Tierärztliche Wochenschrift},
  volume = {115},
  pages = {34-37},
  month = {01/2008},
  publisher = {M. & H. Schaper GmbH},
  address = {Hannover},
  issn = {0341-6593},
  doi = {10.2377/0341-6593-115-34},
  language = {English},
}